Periodical
Indian World (October 1982)
- Title
- Indian World (October 1982)
- Is Part Of
- 1.06-01.04 Indian World
- 1.06.-01 Newsletters and bulletins sub-series
- Date
- October 1982
- Language
- english
- Identifier
- 1.06-01.04-04.03
- pages
- 20
- Table Of Contents
-
Indian World Magazine..............1
To The Indigenous Peoples..........2
Chief Goes to Jail.................4
Indian Government ...............7
European Relections...............10
Shuswap Nation Declaration........12
First Nations International
Diplomacy.......................13
Public Notice.....................15
Announcements.....................16
Editorial.................Back Cover - Contributor
- Herman Thomas
-
George
Manuel - Legal Department
-
Chief
Roger Adolph - Isabelle Deom
- Chawathil B
- Council.
- Gloria Sells
- Donna Ruta
- Type
- periodical
- Transcription (Hover to view)
-
INDIAN WORLD
" T H E CHOICE IS O U R S "
FIRST NATIONS
GOAL
GENERAL
TO BUILD, DEVELOP AND FIRMLY ESTABLISH: OUR
ABORIGINAL STATUS, TITLE, RIGHTS, NATIONS, GOVERNMENTS
AND INHERENT RIGHT TO SELF- DETERMINATION.
SPECIFIC
LANGUAGE
ESTABLISH OUR OWN NATIONS' AND TRIBES' LANGUAGE AS
OUR FIRST LANGUAGE
HISTORY
DEVELOP OUR HISTORY FROM OUR OWN PEOPLES' OR
NATIONS' PERSPECTIVE
CULTURE
PRACTICE THE CUSTOMS, VALUES, & BELIEFS OF OUR
PEOPLE & NATIONS
TERRITORY
DEFINE & KNOW THE TERRITORIAL BOUNDARIES OF OUR
NATIONS
RESOURCES
MANAGE & UTILIZE THE RESOURCES WITHIN THE
BOUNDARIES OF OUR NATIONS TERRITORIAL LANDS.
INSTITUTIONS
DEVELOP OUR OWN POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL,
CULTURAL, EDUCATIONAL & SPIRITUAL INSTITUTIONS
GOVERNMENT
ESTABLISH OUR OWN FORM OF INDIAN GOVERNMENT WHO'S
SOURCE AND POWER IS THE PEOPLE OF OUR COMMUNITY
AND NATIONS
POLICY & LAW
MAKE OUR OWN POLICIES & LAWS TO MANAGE &
ADMINISTER THE AFFAIRS OF OUR BANDS AND NATION
NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM
ENHANCE THE UNIQUENESS OF OUR PEOPLES' &
NATIONS IDENTITY: DECLARE OWN HOLIDAY: DESIGN
& DEVELOP SYMBOLS WHICH ARE UNIQUE AND SPECIAL
TO OUR PEOPLES & NATIONS
ADMINISTRATION
ESTABLISH
ADMINISTRATION
THAT
DELIVERS
PROGRAMS WE DESIGN AND SIMPLY GOES BEYOND
DELIVERING DIA PROGRAMS
INTERNATIONAL AFFIARS
ESTABLISH OUR OWN CEREMONIAL PROTOCOL AND
FOREIGN POLICY TO GOVERN AND REGULATE OUR
DIPLOMATIC
RELATIONSHIPS WITH
OTHER
PEOPLES 4 NATIONS AROUND US AND OF THE
WORLD.
OCTOBER 1982
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INDIAN WORLD
"THE CHOICE IS OURS"
The I n d i a n World i s t h e
official
v o i c e o f the Union o f B r i t i s h Columbia Indian C h i e f s .
It i s dedicated
to b u i l d i n g a strong foundation f o r
the i m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f I n d i a n Governments a t t h e Band L e v e l .
I t operates
solely
t h r o u g h mandates
and
r e s o l u t i o n s p a s s e d a t each G e n e r a l
Assembly each y e a r i n which r e p o r t s
are
g i v e n a t t h e y e a r s end.
The
P r e s i d e n t i s answerable t o C h i e f s
Council;
d u r i n g the y e a r c o u n c i l i s
chosen
through e l e c t i o n s
a t each
opportunity
t o be a p a r t o f t h e
o r g a n i z a t i o n through t h e i r p r o c e s s
of d e c i s i o n - m a k i n g . S i g n e d a r t i c l e s
and o p i n i o n s a r e the views o f t h e
i n d i v i d u a l s concerned and n o t n e c e s s a r i l y those o f the U.B.C.I.C.
EDITOR:
Herman Thomas
WRITTEN CONTRIBUTIONS:
George
Manuel,
Legal
Department,
Chief
Roger
Adolph,
Isabelle
Deom,
C h a w a t h i l Band C o u n c i l .
OCTOBER 1982
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I n d i a n World Magazine
1
To The I n d i g e n o u s P e o p l e s
2
C h i e f Goes t o J a i l
4
I n d i a n Government
7
European R e l e c t i o n s
.........10
Shuswap N a t i o n D e c l a r a t i o n
..12
F i r s t Nations I n t e r n a t i o n a l
Diplomacy
13
Public Notice
15
Announcements
...16
Editorial
Back Cover
TYPESETTING & LAYOUT
Donna Ruta
PRINTING
Gloria
Sells,
by Kodiak P r e s s
AUTHENTIC
COWICHAN
INDIAN KNITS
424 WEST 3RD STREET
NORTH VANCOUVER, B.C.
CANADA V7M 1G7
FREDA
NAHANEE
TEL. (604) 988-4735
INDIAN WORLD 1
TO THE
INDIGENOUS
PEOPLES
When I s a y , "The E a r t h
is
our
toother"
I am
saying
t h a t Canada i s
our.
promised
land.
Where o t h e r p e o p l e l o o k
"homeward" f o r t h e medicines
to heal
themselves,
this
i s our
home.
I f the e x i l e d
c o n d i t i o n i n which E a s t ern
Europeans
believe
t h e m s e l v e s c a n o n l y be
ended w i t h a change i n
the r e l a t i o n s h i p between
t h e i r Mother c o u n t r y and
the n e i g h b o u r i n g
Great
Powers, o u r e x i l e can be
ended o n l y w i t h a change
i n our r e l a t i o n s h i p with
Canada.
The demand o f Indigenous
p e o p l e t h a t we be a l l o w ed t o s i t a t t h e t a b l e
where
our l i v e s a r e
being
negotiated
and
where o u r r e s o u r c e s a r e
b e i n g c a r v e d up l i k e a
pie i s not r e a l l y very
different
from
the
demand
made by
every
non-Indian
group
in
Canada, who s h a r e b o t h a
common h i s t o r y and a
common t e r r i t o r y .
The
whole h i s t o r y o f Canada
has
largely
been one
l o n g n e g o t i a t i o n s about
the
distribution
of
economic
political
power.
I t i s only with
the g u a r a n t e e s o f o u r
r i g h t s and o f t h e powers
t o make t h e d e c i s i o n s
a f f e c t i n g o u r own comm u n i t i e s t h a t we can end
the p o l i t i c a l m a n i p u l a t i o n on o u r l i v e s .
I n d i a n s but t o a l l o w us
to take o u r p l a c e a t t h e
t a b l e w i t h a l l the r e s t
of t h e a d u l t s .
Indian
status
has too o f t e n
been
described
as
a
s p e c i a l s t a t u s by those
who wanted t o c r e a t e an
argument t o g e t r i d o f
it.
Indian status i s
n e i t h e r more n o r l e s s
s p e c i a l t h a n those s p e c i a l p r o v i s i o n s t h a t have
been made f o r d i f f e r e n t
provinces a t confederation;
and s i n c e , i n
o r d e r t o make i t p o s s i b l e f o r them t o work
w i t h i n the p a r t n e r s h i p
of Canada, these p r o v i sions
were
also. the
recognition
of
the
unique needs o f d i f f e r ent p e o p l e and g r o u p s .
The p r o v i s i o n s have been
preserved
because t h e
differences
have
been
found r e a l .
Yet, everyone i n s i s t s t h a t they do
not
confer
special
s t a t u s because they o n l y
create
conditions f o r
the d i f f e r e n t groups t o
become e q u a l p a r t n e r s .
The
criticism
that
Indigenous p e o p l e make
is
that
even i f t h e
F e d e r a l and P r o v i n c i a l
P a r l i a m e n t s do s e r v e t h e
wishes
of the great
majority
of
Canadian
p e o p l e they can never
f u l l y s e r v e t h e needs o f
our p e o p l e .
I do n o t
doubt t h a t these i n s t i t u t i o n s might s e r v e the
purposes f o r w h i c h they
were i n t e n d e d .
I am
that
o u r . own
The way t o end t h e c u s t - s a y i n g
can
be
fully
o d i a n - c h i l d r e l a t i o n s h i p needs
f o r I n d i a n p e o p l e i s not s e r v e d o n l y t h r o u g h t h e
to a b o l i s h o u r s t a t u s a s development o f o u r own
institutions.
2 INDIAN WORLD
There w i l l be no s i g n i ficant
change
i n the
c o n d i t i o n of u n i l a t e r a l
dependence
that
has
c h a r a c t e r i z e d our h i s t ory
through
the past
c e n t u r y and more u n t i l
Indian
peoples
are
allowed to develop our
own forms o f r e s p o n s i b l e
government.
The r o u t e
t o be f o l l o w e d t o t h e
F o u r t h World w i l l be as
d i v e r s e and v a r i e d as
a r e the I n d i a n t r i b e s .
The F o u r t h World i s n o t ,
after a l l , a final solution.
I t i s n o t even a
d e s t i n a t i o n . I t i s the
right to t r a v e l f r e e l y
not o n l y on o u r road b u t
in
o u r own v e h i c l e s .
Unilateral
dependence
can never be ended by a
forced
assimilation.
Real
i n t e g r a t i o n can
o n l y be a c h i e v e d t h r o u g h
a voluntary partnership
and a p a r t n e r s h i p cannot
be based on a t e n a n t landlord
relationship.
The
way
t o end the
c o n d i t i o n of u n i l a t e r a l
dependence and b e g i n t h e
l o n g march t o t h e F o u r t h
World i s t h r o u g h home
rule.
I t was t h e demand f o r
home r u l e and r e s p o n s i b l e government i n Upper
and
Lower Canada t h a t
gave r i s e t o an e n d u r i n g
partnership
among the
p r o v i n c e s o f Canada and
between the Dominion and
her
mother
country.
When Quebec and Canada
were
united
as
one
province f o r twenty-five
years
they
discovered
that r e s p o n s i b l e government
without
home
Continued on pg. 3
rule
i s meaningless.
Confederation guaranteed
local
autonomy
- at
l e a s t f o r t h e two major
powers
participating.
The s m a l l e r and p o o r e r
Maritime
Provinces
demanded
grants
that
would p r o v i d e them w i t h
the economic power t o
p a r t i c i p a t e i n confedera t i o n ana a l l o w a f i n a n c i a l base on w h i c h t o
enjoy t h e i r l o c a l a u t o n omy.
We know t h a t no p r o v i n c i a l o r f e d e r a l governments
will
ever
deal
f a i r l y with the Indigenous p e o p l e s u n t i l we
can
negotiate
from
a
position
of strength.
We a l s o know t h a t t h e
kind
of
integration
based on m u t u a l r e s p e c t
and a c c e p t a n c e o f each
other's values as v a l i d
for
the other,
will
never
happen
until
Indigenous
people
a c h i e v e t h e same s t a n d ard o f l i v i n g as that
enjoyed
by t h e w h i t e
Canadians.
Remaining
Indigenous
to
Canada
means t h a t I n d i a n p e o p l e
gain
control
of the
economic
and
social
development o f o u r own
communities
within
a
frame work o f l e g a l and
constitutional
guarantees f o r o u r l a n d and
our I n d i a n i n s t i t u t i o n s
remain i n a d e f e n s i v e
p o s i t i o n and o u r o n l y
weapon
is
passive
resistance.
With
the
constitutional
and
material
support
to
c a r r y on t h a t
development t h e r e would be no
dilemma.
The
r a c i a l myths t h a t J a n u a r y
28, 1982, by
were c r e a t e d t o j u s t i f y t r a c i n g
"the
Indian
the s e i z u r e o f o u r l a n d t i t l e was a t i t l e superbase w i l l o n l y be f u l l y i o r t o a l l o t h e r s , save
d i s p e l l e d when we have and
so
f a r as t h e
received
the
l e g a l Indians
themselves,
recognition
of
o u r s u r r e n d e r e d i t o r ceded
e f f e c t i v e t i t l e t o t h e to
t h e Crown.
That
l a n d s t h a t remain t o u s ; t i t l e was guaranteed t o
and s u f f i c i e n t g r a n t s t o them by the Crown ".
compensate f o r what i s
lost
so t h a t
we c a n The
massive
political
a f f o r d t o d e v e l o p what l o b b y
mounted
by o u r
does r e m a i n .
Only t h e n people a c r o s s Canada, i n
will
we
be a b l e t o Europe and e s p e c i a l l y i n
demonstrate t h a t
there England, i s a testimony
i s no c o n f l i c t between o f
our c o n v i c t i o n t o
w a n t i n g t o l i v e c o m f o r t - e n l a r g e o u r l a n d base
ably
and w a n t i n g t o and
to strengthen our
d e v e l o p w i t h i n o u r own economic and p o l i t i c a l
traditional
framework. f o u n d a t i o n w i t h i n Canada
The
desire
f o r l e g a l and w i t h i n t h e Canadian
recognition
of
o u r l e g a l system. We r e j e c t
aboriginal
and t r e a t y the g o a l o f t h e P r o v i n r i g h t s has t a k e n on a c i a l
and the F e d e r a l
religious
p e r s p e c t i v e . Governments t o e x t e r m i n But a s i n most n a t u r a l a t e us •
or
traditional
religi o n s , t h e s p i r i t u a l has
George Manuel
not been s e p a r a t e d from
the m a t e r i a l w o r l d .
From pg. 2
Recognition
of
our
a b o r i g i n a l r i g h t s must
be the m a i n s p r i n g o f o u r
future
economic
and
s o c i a l independence. I t
i s a s much i n the " l o n g
term
interest
o f the
white
people of North
A m e r i c a a s i n o u r owwn
interest
that
we
be
allowed
our b i r t h r i g h t
rather
than
that the
P r o v i n c i a l , the Federal
and t h e B r i t i s h Governments
perpetuate
the
conspiracy that renders
us
the
objects
of
charity
while
others
enjoy the wealth o f our
land.
Lord Denning o f
the B r i t i s h Court began
in
h i s judgement, on
INDIAN WORLD 3
LILLOOET TRIBAL COUNCIL
13
CHIEF
GOES
TO
JAIL
Because of the importance of the three
l e t t e r s , they are Included as I s , In
regards to Chief Roger Adolph going to
JaiI.
JULY
1982
"PERSONAL"
Right Honourable P i e r r e E l l i o t t Trudeau
Prime M i n i s t e r of Canada
House of Commons,
OTTAWA, ONTARIO.
ATTENTION:
Mr. Michael PITFIELD, P.M.
Clerk of the Privy Council &
Secretary to the Cabinet
Dear S i r s :
I enclose two l e t t e r s submitted to the Court on my f i s h i n g charges.
One i s a l e t t e r dated,
MARCH 18, 1982; the second Is a l e t t e r of JULY 13, 1982. The l e t t e r s are s e l f explanatory.
When I s a i d in my l e t t e r to the Court that I w i l l not take up more of the Court's time, I was
g i v i n g notice of our move away from the peaceful legal arena into the P o l i t i c a l arena. For my
people, our Right to f i s h is a very serious matter.
My going to j a i l Is a very serious
matter.
There must be some proper settlement of our Aboriginal Rights to f i s h or the tension
within our communities w i l l escalate beyond the stage when I as a Chief can contain my people
p e a c e f u l l y . This i s not a t h r e a t . This i s a f a c t . Our people have been peaceful and patient
long enough, we have hoped to resolve a co-operative system of resource sharing and management
There are plenty of f i s h , If managed r i g h t , to serve the needs of a l l of us.
The management of the f i s h e r i e s has been proved over the years to be so mishandled t h a t Indian
theories and p r a c t i s e s of conservation and management which worked f o r thousands of years, can
only enhance the salmon resource. So long as the Department of F i s h e r i e s continues t o assume
f u l l power to control and manage the resource, j a i l i n g our people for a s s e r t i n g our Rights to
p a r t i c i p a t e as our forefathers have done In the f i s h e r y , there can be no co-operation between
our people and the Government of Canada.
We have been assured that the recognition of Aboriginal and Treaty Rights in the Canadian
C o n s t i t u t i o n marks a new s p i r i t of co-operation between the Nation of Canada and our Indian
F i r s t Nations.
My going to j a i l does not demonstrate that co-operation.
Therefore, to
demonstrate t h i s new a t t i t u d e properly and s i n c e r e l y , we demand you put the following into
action immediately:
1)
2)
3)
4)
Natural enhancement of the salmon stock must be respected, recognized and maintained in
order that the resource w i l l benefit a l l user groups;
We have f u l l a u t h o r i t y over our t r a d i t i o n a l f i s h i n g s t a t i o n s In order that we may execise
our e x c l u s i e Right to f i s h and p r a c t i s e t r a d i t i o n a l methods of conservation;
We have f u l l p a r t i c i p a t i o n In management and conservation measures and p o l i c i e s within ou
Reserve f i s h i n g s t a t i o n s - t h i s must have l e g i s l a t i v e recognition and a u t h o r i t y ;
That Aboriginal T i t l e and Rights be Included in the C o n s t i t u t i o n of Canada with a consent
clause;
Upon acceptance of the above demands our L i l l o o e t T r i b a l C o u n c i l , alongside other f i r s t Nation
w i l l i n g t o p a r t i c i p a t e in meaningful and o b j e c t i v e meetings. We must bring these c r u c i a l s i t u
to a head and resolve our d i f f e r e n c e s .
Sincerely yours,
Chief Roger L. Adolph
Fountain Indian Band
4 INDIAN WORLD
LILLOOET TRIBAL COUNCIL
13
JULY
1982
Judge Kenneth HOUGHTON,
County Court Judge,
County Court R e g i s t r y ,
P/0 Box 639,
ASHCROFT, B.C.,
V0K - 1A0.
ATTENTION: Clerk of the Court
Dear S i r s :
RE:
Notice of Appeal against Sentence
Regina v. Roger Luke ADOLPH - F i s h i n g T r i a l ,
MARCH 23, 1982
Please r e f e r t o my l e t t e r dated, MARCH 18, 1982, RE: Notice of Abandonment which
was entered as an e x h i b i t in dropping my appeal case before you Honour Judge
Kenneth HOUGHTON a t County Court on MARCH 23, 1982.
As you are aware, I was charged and f i n e d $300.00 (three hundred d o l l a r s ) - (two
counts) f o r food f i s h i n g on the Fountain Indian Reserve, o r , spend 14 (fourteen)
days in j a i l on default of payment. I w i l l and cannot in good conscience pay a
f i n e for e x e r c i s i n g my Aboriginal Right to f i s h .
Therefore, I have chosen t o go to J a i l on t h i s matter.
I s h a l l be the f i r s t
Chief and Native Indian person within my Tribe to go t o j a i l f o r f i s h i n g . I
stand firm on t h i s p o s i t i o n and prepare myself for your penal I n s t i t u t i o n .
I f e l t compelled t o advise you of my d e c i s i o n .
Yours t r u l y ,
Chief Roger L. ADOLPH,
Fountain Indian Band.
c/o: Prime M i n i s t e r P i e r r e E l l i o t TRUDEAU
Chief David AHENAKEW - Assembly of F i r s t Nations
Chief Thomas SAMPSON - Assembly of F i r s t Nations
Arnold ADOLPH - Central I n t e r i o r T r i b a l Council
Wayne BOBB - S t o l o Nation
Chief George SADDLEMAN - N i c o l a Valley Area Council
Chief Nathan SPINKS - Nl'Akapxm Nation T r i b a l Council
Robert SIMON - Shuswap Nation T r i b a l Council
Stanley STUMP - Cariboo T r i b a l Council
Chief Leonard ANDREW - Mount C u r r i e Indian Band
Honourable Jean CHRETIEN - M i n i s t e r of J u s t i c e
Honourable John MUNRO - M i n i s t e r of Indian A f f i a r s
Honourable Romeo LeBLANC - M i n i s t e r of F i s h e r i e s & Oceans
Dr. Lome GREENAWAY - Member of Parliament
Mr. Jim MANLY - Member of Parliament
Mr. Joe CLARK - Member of Parliament
Mr. Ed BROADBENT - Member of Parliament
Mr. Wayne SHINNERS - F i s h e r i e s & Oceans
Dr. Michael KIRBY - FederaI-ProvinciaI Relations
Mr. Dennis MARANTZ - FederaI-ProvIncia I Relations O f f i c e
Ms. Louise MANDELL - Lawyer, U.B.C.I.C.
Mr. Stuart RUSH - Bolton, Rush & McGrady
1
INDIAN WORLD 5
18
MARCH
1982
County Court R e g i s t r y ,
P/0 Box 639
Court House,
ASHCROFT, B.C.,
V0K - 1A0.
ATTENTION: Clerk of the Court
Dear S i r s :
RE:
Roger ADOLPH - County Court Appeal
I would ask you to kindly bring t h i s l e t t e r to the a t t e n t i o n of the Judge. I
would a l s o welcome the opportunity of reading t h i s l e t t e r Into the record when
my case is c a l l e d on the 23rd day of MARCH, 1982.
I abandon my case, yet I do not concede that the Department of F i s h e r i e s Is
r i g h t in charging me with food f i s h i n g at our f i s h i n g rock with a dip net on
AUGUST 17, 1979.
I am an Indian person of the L i l l o o e t Tribe and according to our law I have a
Right to f i s h for food In our r i v e r s as my forefathers have f i s h e d since time
immemorial. Our law was confirmed by the Queen's law. By the Royal Proclamation
of 1763 our A b o r i g i n a l Rights are protected u n t i l we consent to surrender them
to the Crown. The L i l l o o e t Tribe has never surrendered our R i g h t s . When our
Reserves were e s t a b l i s h e d the Queen's representatives confirmed on her behalf
that f i s h i n g Rights would be protected on the Fountain Indian Reserve. I was
f i s h i n g on the Fountain Reserve on AUGUST 17, 1979.
When I was a r r e s t e d , I was asked by the Justice of the Peace If I understood the
charge against me.
I advised him that I knew I was being charged but did not
understand why.
According to my b e l i e f s and the b e l i e f s of my people, I had not
broken any law.
I abandon my case because the Government has refused or neglected to bring
Canada's law in l i n e with the Queen's law and our Indian Law.
I am t o l d that
t h i s Court must enforce the F i s h e r i e s Act and cannot look beyond I t . I have no
i n t e r e s t in advancing a defence which i s based on a t e c h n i c a l argument; nor can
I In good f a i t h give any reason for my f i s h i n g other than the true one.
Our Elders have given up so many f i s h i n g days to l i v e within F i s h e r i e s law.
They co-operated because they were t o l d that they were helping the salmon. But
the Elders see that fewer salmon come up our r i v e r s today than before.
The
stocks are depleted by the commercial fishery and through i n d u s t r i a l waste
under the supervision and management of the Department of F i s h e r i e s .
It i s now evident that Canada proposes to extinguish our Aboriginal f i s h i n g
Rights through l e g i s l a t i o n in the name of conservation. Such l e g i s l a t i o n has
impinged on previously guaranteed Aboriginal R i g h t s .
A promise made to the
Indian people by the Crown has been broken by Canada. I have learned to accept
t h i s as a fact of our existence as Aboriginal people. But, I have a l s o learned
that truth and determination w i l l always prevail in the end.
In the meantime, I respect and honor your p o s i t i o n as the Judge of t h i s Court
and understand your mandate. I will not take up any more of the Court's time.
Roger L. ADOLPH,
Fountain Indian Band.
6 INDIAN WORLD
INDIAN GOVERNMENT
SELF-RELIANT
The
Chawathil
peoples
(hope I n d i a n Band) has
taken a major s t e p i n
becoming s e l f
reliant.
Todays
generation
has
known o u r r e s e r v e t o be
the r e a l "LAND LIVERS"
o f t h e s e 1,300 a c r e s o f
C h a w a t h i l ( I n d i a n meani n g , t h e sand b a r a t t h e
rivers
bend)
their
memories c a n r e c a l l when
all
t h e f a m i l i e s came
together
and a s s i s t e d
one
another
a t haying
time, the b i g d i n n e r s ,
the hard work and the
fun times.
There were
family gardens, planted
by
horse
drawn
farm
tools,
orchards,
wild
b e r r i e s , c a t t l e roaming
and
f r e s h eggs t o be
exchanged. These memories
have
been
key
f a c t o r s of our reserve
l e a d e r s h i p today as they
embark on l a n d use and
Economic
Developments
that
will
a f f e c t our
f u t u r e g e n e r a t i o n s . The
days
remembered
when
"Traditional
Values"
were what
strengthened
we a r e r o b b i n g o u r s e l v e s
and communities o f t h e i r
c r e a t i v e human t a l e n t s .
Our unique d i f f e r e n c e t o
remain as a p e o p l e .
So
l o n g as l e a d e r s h i p and
the communities c o n t i n u e
We have p o l l u t i o n i n i t s to work o u t s h o r t and
every
form from Land, l o n g range d i r e c t i o n s ,
A i r , Waters, body and c o n t i n u e t o c o n s u l t and
mind.
The l a n d s have debate w i t h each o t h e r ,
been r i b b o n e d w i t h r a i l - c o n t i n u e
the
table
r o a d s , p u b l i c h i g h w a y s , pounding w i t h an agreepipelines,
hydro/tele- able
d e c i s i o n i n the
phone
lines
and most end...we a r e p r a c t i c i n g
s o r r o w l y n o n - I n d i a n l a n d our
"Traditional
and
business
l e a s e s , Values".
negotiated
with
empty
promises
of
I n d i a n s Our p e o p l e s o f C h a w a t h i l
gaining
b e n e f i t s . . . use
t o number i n t h e
familiar...
h i g h hundreds a c e n t u r y
ago, however today maybe
The heavy i n f l u e n c e o f 200 membership can be
Government L a c k i e s have i d e n t i f i e d ,
we
have
slanted
their
program doubled
from 45 t o 90
criteria
o f " g e t t h e a c t u a l on r e s e r v e peopoor
depressed
Indian p l e s i n the past
five
o f f t h e W e l f a r e o r unem- y e a r s .
The most s t a g ployed
benefits"
and g e r i n g
fact
we
must
into
the
m a i n s t r e a m , r e c o g n i z e i s t h a t 75% o f
making n a t i v e communi- t h a t p o p u l a t i o n i s 24
ties
dependant
on y e a r s
and under;
this
government s t a n d a r d s o f i n c r e a s e
demonstrates
Social/Economy
p r o g r e s s our d e t e r m i n a t i o n .
Our
by
d e v e l o p i n g I n d i a n government supour p e o p l e s --- Time was schemes
taken t o be t o g e t h e r --- programs t o l e v e r funds p o r t s t h i s d i r e c t i o n as
Native
p r o j e c t s . our most v a l u e d r e s o u r c e
h e l p i n g hands when t h e r e i n t o
t h e end r e s u l t o f i s t h e p e o p l e .
were needs o f s h e l t e r , To
Since
barn R a i s i n g , b u i l d i n g what many o f us have 1977 our l e a d e r s h i p has
places
of
S p i r i t u a l experienced
of
"hake logged hundreds o f hours
Worship.
Work"
projects;
bush o f p l a n n i n g
time
with
c l e a r i n g , fence
l i n e s , the purpose t o r e t a i n
The g r e a t e s t
c h a l l e n g e r i g h t o f way m a i n t e n - our
l i f e s t y l e s as the
for
leadership
i s t o ance,
landscaping
and l a n d l i v e s .
recognize
b u t g r e a t e r garbage
clearing,
yet i s t o e f f e c t i v e l y e n d l e s s
examples...dead From 1977-79, we churned
r e t a i n those " T r a d i t i o n - ends...
housing,
education,
a l Values".
When d e v e l social,
land
use and
oping
community endea- T h i s form o f p o l l u t i o n economic
t o p i c s on a
v o r s i s h e a v i l y r e l i a n t has
intensified
the r e g u l a r b a s i s .
The end
on what today i s c a l l e d anger
and
f r u s t r a t i o n r e s u l t was s u b m i t t i n g to
"Wage Economy".
T h i s between o u r l e a d e r s and the
F e d e r a l Government
s t y l e o f S o c i a l Economic membership.
If
we f o r a f e a s i b i l i t y s t u d y .
standards
have
been c o n t i n u e t o be d i c t a t e d In 1979 we e n t e r e d i n t o
by these f a l s e c r i t e r i a
Continued on pg. 8
imposed on our way o f
t h i n k i n g ; from t h e days
of
maintaining
as
a
community u n i t we have
been p o l l u t e d as w e l l as
our l a n d s .
INDIAN WORLD 7
an agreement w i t h L o c a l
Employment
Assistance
Program (LEAP) t o r e s e a r c h a b i a l b e economic
development.
Our p r i mary
concern
i s to
r e t u r n 800 a c r e s o f t h e
1300
acre
Chawathil
reserve
back
into
p r o d u c t i v i t y i n committment t o t h a t g o a l we
concentrated
on a
20
a c r e p a r c e l . We formed
the C h a w a t h i l farm co-op
and r e g i s t e r e d w i t h t h e
Provincial
association
of
Co-operatives
and
began
our
Agri/Aqua
development.
Based on
our w i l l i n g n e s s t o p r o g r e s s we were i n t o a
possible
three
year
committment
with
LEAP
for
operational finances.
R e s u l t a n t t o those f i r s t
t h r e e y e a r s we have on
file
q u e s t i o n a i r e s and
sample s t u d i e s prepared
by I n d i a n government and
community i n t e r s t groups
there i s a r e s i d e n t i a l
p l a n t h a t remains i n t h e
works t h a t i d e n t i f i e s a
50 u n i t o r a 25 u n i t
Subdivision/housing plan
on
Chawathil
reserve,
t h e r e i s on f i l e a l a n d
use mapping b o o k l e t t h a t
keeps
our
council
committed t o t h e p r o t e c t i o n o f o u r l a n d base
for a l l f u t u r e generat i o n s t h a t r e q u i r e s many
more hours o f p l a n n i n g
...we have a
shopping
l i s t of p o t e n t i a l developments t h a t keeps t h e
focus
of
current
"Government"
program
opportunities
i n line
w i t h o u r l a n d use benefits.
One r e a l i t y ,
i t took
many y e a r s t o put us i n
the s t a t e o f i n a c t i v i t y
...any change
i s not
going
t o happen
overn i g h t — h o w e v e r f f r o m 1980
to p r e s e n t date August
1982 our peoples committment has brought many
rewards:
I n 1980 we
began
physical land
developments on t h e 20 a c r e
land s i t e .
We matched
our LEAP p r o p o s a l w i t h
another F e d e r a l g o v e r n ment
program;
Special
ARDA t h a t a f f o r d s t h e
C a p i t a l requirements o f
the A g r i / A q u a c o n s t r u c t i o n phase. We i n v o l v e d
10
people
form
our
r e s e r v e and p l a n t e d 3
a c r e s o f mixed c r o p s and
dug
two ponds t o r e a r
3,000 rainbow
trout...
f i r s t o f a l l we had t o
clear
a l l the brush,
dead t i m b e r s and then
prepare t h e l a n d . . .
- I n 1981 m o d i f i e d our
pen
rearing
plan
to
construct
concrete
racways (21) t h a t would
grow
100,000
rainbow
t r o u t i n a t w e l v e month
period.
We
began
construction
and
by
March '81 had completed
(9) pens s t o c k e d
with
30,000 t r o u t . We p l a n t ed (8) a c r e s o f mixed
crop t h a t y e a r .
- I n 1982 we i n t e n d t o
complete
a l l the pen
c o n s t r u c t i o n ; at present
we a r e pen s t o c k e d w i t h
00,000 rainbow t r o u t and
have 22 a c r e s
planted
t h i s year i n Pod/Sugar
peas green/waxed beans,
c a r r o t s , b r o c c o l i , cabbage, c a u l i f l o w e r , e a r l y
k i n g / j u b i l e e corn.
One
a c r e mised w i t h b e e t s ,
onions
tomatoes
and
lettuce.
All
cold
crops
were
started
i n our c o l d
frames;
transplanted
i n t o the f i e l d s i t e .
We
have t r i e d to s t a y away
from s t r o n g p e s t i c i d e s
and s p r a y s — n e e d l e s s t o
say o u r garden growth
has been a r a c e of weeds
t a k i n g over the "weedens".
Farm keepers a r e :
Herman P e t e r s , foreman,
Audrey P e t e r s ,
Richard
Pete, Caroline Caldwell.
They have had t h e s o l e
responsibility of planting,
c h e r r i e s , harvesting
plus
working
our
roadside
stand
for
p u b l i c s a l e s o f Chawat h i l Farm v e g g i e s .
We
a l s o s t o c k f r u i t s from
up c o u n t r y .
The v e g e t a b l e farm keeps us on a
seasonal
basis
from
e a r l y s p r i n g to mid f a l l
t r y i n g t o a c q u i r e farming
s k i l l s taxes years
of p r a c t i c e and e x p e r i m e n t i n g ; o u r crew has
done a s u p e r i o r j o b o f
k e e p i n g our promise o f
that o r i g i n a l
committment development o f 20
a c r e s . This y e a r ' s r e v enue w i l l be our s t a n d up Funds f o r next s e a son.
The F i s h Farm crew has
remained the same: Sonny
McHalsie,
Anita
John,
Geno
Peters,
Bobby
Peters.
T h i s crew has
developed
skills
in
every
area
from
land
clearing
to
Folms
Construction
required
for concrete engineering
our e n t i r e water c o n t r o l
Continued
8 INDIAN WORLD
on pg. 9
/ f l o w f o r the F i s h pens.
They
have
spent
Farm
t e c h n o l o g y ; we c o n t i n u e
to improve o u r knowledge
of
B i o l o g y and
basic
e a r t h s c i e n c e s on a day
to day b a s i s .
As t o a c t u a l p r o c e s s o f
Fish
Farming
rainbow
T r o u t , we purchase the
f r y a t 2 1/2 s i z e from a
.trout
hatchery
near
M i s s i o n , i t then
takes
us 14 months t o mature
trout to marketable size
o f 10-12 o z . a s we complete
constuction
our
p l a n i s t o s t o c k 20,000
f r y every 2 months t h a t
w i l l keep us on stream
of
processing
100,000
t r o u t p e r annum.
Estimated one t o n o f f i s h a
week t o m a r k e t s . .
At c u r r e n t we have had
the
Guiding
force of
WIAC b e i n g i n t h e r i g h t
p l a c e a t the r i g h t t i m e .
Which put o u r Farm i n
c o n t a c t w i t h Woodwards
stores marketing department ...
We d e l i v e r t o a
dozen Woodwards s t o r e s ,
restaurant
trade,
and
some w h o l e s a l e d e a l e r s .
Our g r e a t e s t c o m p l a i n t s
have been o t h e r t r i b a l
groups-assessing
our
program.
UBCIC b r i n g s
F o r e i g n d i g n i t a r i e s form
Tanzaris-Peking
Chris.
L o c a l s c h o o l s and s t u d ent g r o u p s .
Yours i n T r a d i t i o n ,
Submitted on b e h a l f o f
C h a w a t h i l Band C o u n c i l :
Ronald A. John
Rhoda P e t e r s
Herman P e t e r s
Chawathil
board
Directors:
of
Ronald A. John
Dorothy P e t e r s
Laverna C h a r l i e
Wilma J a c k
A n i t a John
P . D. P e t e r s
From pg. 8
INDIAN WORLD 9
EUROPEAN
REFLECTIONS
S e l f Image I s based on
d i f f e r e n t p e r s p e c t i v e on
how we see and f e e l
about o u r s e l v e s , on how
other people r e a c t t o
and t r e a t us and on how
we b e l i e v e t h e y see and
f e e l about u s . L a t week
we g o t an unexpected and
very p o s i t i v e r e f e c t i o n
of
o u r ICE t o Europe,
from
Marie
Rose
D u f r a s n e , a member o f
the
Belgium
Action
Committee i n Support o f
N o r t h American I n d i a n s .
the c o n t a c t t h e m s e l v e s " .
She admired t h e i r i n d e p endence
in
decisionmaking, t h e i r c o n f i d e n c e
i n e v a l u a t i n g p e o p l e and
situations
which
were
t o t a l l y u n f a m i l i a r ; they
would a s k q u e s t i o n s t o
determine t h e s i n c e r i t y
of t h e people and groups
to whom t h e y were b e i n g
r e f e r r e d and then t h e y
would d e c i d e f o r thems e l v e s , whether o r n o t
to pursue these suggestions.
While she was here i n
Vancouver,
Mary
Rose
conceded t o i n t e r v i e w s
by t h e I n d i a n V o i c e and
CJOR r a d i o .
Although
she
had
never
been
i n t e r v i e w e d by t h e media
b e f o r e and was a l i t t l e
nervous,
she d i d t h e
interviews
anyway,
because
she hoped i t
would h e l p o u r I n d i a n
movement h e r e .
As a woman and a f e m i n i s t , Mary Rose admired
the
strength
of the
women who l o v i n g l y and
p a t i e n t l y brought c h i l d ren
a l o n g on so d i f f i c u l t a m i s s i o n , and h e r
appreciation
o f the
committment and s e r i o u s ness o f t h e ICE deepened
when she d i s c o v e r e d t h e
g r e a t r i s k s w h i c h were
t a k e n by t h e f a m i l i e s
and
individuals
who
travelled
to
Europe.
Some,
she d i s c o v e r e d ,
had s o l d f u r n i t u r e f o r
travel
expenses,
some
would l o s e t h e i r j o b s a s
a
result,
some
left
spouses
ana
families
behind and many though
not
'political
people'
as s u c h , were m o t i v a t e d
by a d e f i n i t e awareness
of
the c o n s t i t u t i o n a l
threat to t h e i r f u t u r e s
as a p e o p l e . "None came
to
make
t o u r i s m " she
said.
In t h e i n t e r v i e w s , Mary
Rose e x p l a i n e d t h a t she
came t o B.C. because whe
was so d e e p l y impressed
by t h e B.C. I n d i a n s who
went t o Europe on t h e
CE;
she was moved by
t h e i r courage t o t r a v e l
so
f a r t o work and
organize
i n countries
where they did not know
the language, customs o r
systems o f t h e g o v e r n ments and p e o p l e w i t h
whom they had t o communi c a t e and whom they had
to r e a c h , somehow, w i t h
the ICE message.
She
was i n s p i r e d by t h e i r
resourcefulness
and
d e t e r m i n a t i o n - " I f they
wanted t o c o n t a c t someone
they
would
pick
up t h e phone and make
10 INDIAN WORLD
For t h a t and f o r t h e i r
complete r e f u s a l t o be
compromised, Mary Rose
expressed
the
great
respect
for
those
people.
The e f f e c t o f t h e ICE on
the European peoples was
beyond measure a c c o r d i n g
to
Mary Rose;
their
kindness,
calmness,
peacefulness
and good
humour, i n s p i t e o f t h e
h a r d s h i p s and r i s k s , was
n o t l o s t on the European
w i t h whom t h e ICE came
into
contact.
Their
gentleness
and
endurance, t h e i r c o u r t e s y and
most o f a l l t h e i r r e s p e c t f o r our e l d e r s had
a v e r y s t r o n g and p o s i t i v e impact on Europe.
There were not a f r a i d t o
s h a r e t h e i r f e e l i n g s and
t h i s was d i s a r m i n g t o
the t r a d i t i o n a l l y " i n different"
European
society,
a c c o r d i n g to
Mary Rose.
The s u p p o r t i n Europe i s
growing s a i d Mary Rose,
as
people
become
increasingly
aware o f
I n d i a n s as t h e " v i c t i m s
of
peaceful
colonizat i o n " . A few y e a r s ago,
she s a i d , Europe was n o t
aware o f t h e e x i s t e n c e
of I n d i a n s o r e l s e they
had
romantic
notions
about
Indian
life;
t o d a y , they a r e s u r p r i s ed t o l e a r n o f t h e d i f ficult
e x i s t a n c e and
hardships
endured
by
I n d i a n people i n N o r t h
America.
She enocuraged
more I n d i a n people t o
travel
to Europe to
i n f o r m t h e people and
extend the support n e t work.
L i s t e n i n g to Mary Rose,
I began t o understand i n
a f a r deeper way, t h e
meaning o f t h e ICE as an
I n d i a n D i p l o m a t i c Corps,
because i t was n o t o n l y
Continued on pg. 11
what our p e o p l e s a i d to
the
people
in
Europe
t h a t had an e f f e c t , but
the
behavior
of
our
people
which
touched
Europe i n a way beyond
words.
Their
words
e s t a b l i s h e d a commoness
of p r i n c i p l e , an a g r e e ment o f m i n d s , but t h e i r
b e h a v i o r and t h e i r example
touched the h e a r t s
and
souls
of
people,
something
that
will
never be l o s t or b r o k e n
no m a t t e r what Trudeau
tries
to
peddle
in
Europe.
Mary Rose h e r s e l f i s a
marvelously
warm, p e r ceptive
and
caring
person;
she shared
a
very s i g n i f i c a n t experi e n c e w i t h her
Indian
g u e s t ; she had t o l e a r n
to r e c e i v e . In European
s o c i e t y , she e x p l a i n e d ,
to r e c e i v e i s t o l o s e
your freedom and
independence
but
in
the
I n d i a n way,
to r e c e i v e
establishes a very d i f f e r e n t k i n d o f bond, one
based
on
freedom
and
t h i s , she s a i d , she had
to
learn
to
accept.
When
asked
of
her
impression
of
Indian
life
in
Canada,
she
answered, "The
oppress i o n i s too b i g - I f e l t
the
oppression
as
a
sister!"
i
Canadians were not aware
of the I n d i a n S i t u a t i o n
in
t h e i r own
country;
she r e p l i e d t h a t d u r i n g
her B.C. v i s i t , she had
o b s e r v e d "a w a l l between
the
Indians
and
nonIndians."
L a t e r , when
she
t a l k e d about
the
Canadian I n d i a n
childr e n b e i n g s o l d i n the
U. S.
and
Tom
Mark
replied
that that
was
the f i r s t he had heard
of
i t ,
Mary
Rose
r e p l i e d , "See,
that i s
what I mean!".
Way
to
make a p o i n t !
It i s u s u a l l y revealing
to see y o u r s e l f t h r o u g h
someone e l s e ' s eyes and
s u c h was the e x p e r i e n c e
w i t h Mary Rose.
What
was r e f l e c t e d back from
Europe v i a our
Indian
Ambassadors o f the
CE,
was
the
strength
and
determination
o f proud
and
dignified
Indian
Nations
we
can
be
proud o f t h e i r b e h a v i o r
and how t h e y r e p r e s e n t e d
us.
NOTE:
Mary Rose was
here i n
B.C. f o r about two weeks
a t her own
expense i n
order
to
visit
her
I n d i a n f r i e n d s whom she
had met l a s t f a l l d u r i n g
the ICE to Europe and t o
c o l l e c t m a t e r i a l on the
Indian
situation
in
B.C. f o r d i s t r i b u t i o n to
I n d i a n s u p p o r t groups i n
Belgium,
Holland,
France,
Germany
and
England.
W h i l e she was
h e r e , Mary Rose a t t e n d e d
the UNN assembly i n P o r t
Albernie, visited Bella
C o o l a , Mount C u r r i e and
Squamish.
She
has
actively
pursued
her
i n t e r e s t i n I n d i a n supp o r t s i n c e '79 and
has
v i s i t e d Canada and
the
U. S.,
'to
see
for
myself'.
She works as a
civil
servant
in
the
Belgium Court system.
From pg.
10
TOWN & COUNTRY
Builders Supplies Limited
Full Delivery Service
LANTZVILLE
"Everything For The B u i l d e r "
Open 7 Days A Week
Kitchen Cabinets
Hardware
Paint
Lumber
Doors
Garden Supplies
Plumbing
Electrical
Power Tools
Building Materials
390 - 4017
Town & Country Builders Supplies (1973) Limited
INDIAN WORLD 11
SHUSWAP NATION
DECLARATION
"OUR YOUNG PEOPLE LEARN
FROM OUR
ELDERS, MAKE
SURE THE
PAST GOES ON
FROM
GENERATION
TO
GENERATION;
WE
WILL
CONTINUE TO LIVE AFTER
DEATH.
WE
EXIST
AND
WILL KEEP UP, ALWAYS."
These f e e l i n g s e x p r e s s e d
by C h i e f E v e l y n Sargent
of Canoe Creek summed up
the meaning and purpose
o f the
Shuswap
Nation
Declaration
which
was
s i g n e d by 12 o f the 17
Shuswap Bands.
The gym
o f the Kamloops I n d i a n
Residence was packed the
evening o f August 20 and
the d e c l a r a t i o n s i g n i n g
will
live
on
in
the
memories o f the p e o p l e
who w i t n e s s e d t h a t h i s t o r i c event, long a f t e r
they have f o r g o t t e n the
date.
The
promise
of
the
declaration,
to
"Pres e r v e & Record - P e r p e t uate
&
Enhance
our
Shuswap
Language,
H i s t o r y & C u l t u r e " was
put i n t o p r a c t i c e d u r i n g
the c e r e m o n i a l s i g n i n g
and even b e f o r e .
Not
o n l y were TV and r a d i o
ads
f o r the
ceremony
b r o a d c a s t i n the Shuswap
language but the d e c l a r a t i o n document
itself,
was w r i t t e n i n Shuswap
as
well
as
English.
S e v e r a l Bands d i s t r i b u ted g i f t s i n t r a d i t i o n a l
f a s h i o n and t h e i r r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s e x p l a i n e d the
significance
of
the
giveaway.
C h i e f Robert
Manuel
explained
that
the p e o p l e o f
Neskainl i t h were d i s t r i b u t i n g
g i f t s to express
their
12 INDIAN WORLD
l e a r n i n g from
the
happiness,to maintain a of
s t r o n g bond between the e l d e r s , but i n v a r i a b l y ,
Shuswap people
and
to each of the Band r e p r e respect
the
elders. sentatives
who
signed
They p r o u d l y shared
a the d e c l a r a t i o n , e x p r e s song as w e l l , the o n l y sed what a g r e a t honor
Shuswap song they knew i t was f o r them to be a
and the whole assembly p a r t of so s i g n i f i c a n t
joined i n .
The
s i l v e r an
occasion
in
the
p i e c e s wrapped i n w h i t e Shuswap h i s t o r y .
"We
w h i c h were d i s t r i b u t e d a r e
putting
back
to
by Chu Chua were symbol- g e t h e r
what was
taken
ic
of p r o s p e r i t y and a p a r t " s a i d Bob Manuel.
peace, e x p l a i n e d C h i e f
Edna L e w i s .
Spallumcheen As our n a t i o n s grow and
commemorated the
occa- develop,
new
customs
s i o n w i t h l e a t h e r w a l l appear
and
tradition
hangings
presented
by e v o l v e s
in
order
to
their
C o u n c i l l o r s , remain
alive.
The
J u l i a n n a Alexander
and Shuswap N a t i o n now has a
Leonard Lezime. Another new custom as a r e s u l t
tradtion
which
was o f the d e c l a r a t i o n .
A
r e v i v e d t h a t evening was s p e c i a l drum was made to
the opening m e m o r i a l o r commemorate the s i g n i n g
'remembering the people and
to
symbolize
the
who have gone b e f o r e ' . u n i t y
of
the
Shuswap
T h i s m e m o r i a l , conducted n a t i o n , 17
drumsticks,
by George Manuel, s e t a mounted on wooden p l a c v e r y r e s p e c t f u l tone f o r ques were p r e s e n t e d to
the ceremony w h i c h f o l - each
of
the
Shuswap
lowed,
by
remembering Bands.
Robert
Simon,
those
of
the
Shuswap A d m i n i s t r a t o r
of
the
N a t i o n who s u f f e r e d and Shuswap
Nation
Tribal
sacrificed
for
the C o u n c i l e x p l a i n e d t h a t
Shuswap l a n d , r e l i g i o n these d r u m s t i c k s s h o u l d
and I n d i a n l a w s .
be brought to m e e t i n g s
o f the Shuswap N a t i o n
that
the
holder
The
f e e l i n g that
t h i s and
would
be
r
e
c
o
g
n
i
z
e
d as
declaration
represented
the
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
a
t
i
v
e
of
a new b e g i n n i n g and a
h
i
s
o
r
her
Band.
There
f r e s h s t a r t was c l e a r i n
no doubt t h a t
the
the
words which
were i s
Shuswap
N
a
t
i
o
n
has
r
espoken and i n the c e r e emerged
and
w
i
l
l
c
o
n
t
i
n
mony
itself.
Some
Chiefs
spoke
of
not ue to grow. A statement
(John
knowing
their
Shuswap by C h i e f P a u l Sam
M
a
r
t
i
n
)
o
f
Shuswap
sums
h e r i t a g e as young peop l e , o t h e r s s t r e s s e d the t h i s up - "You have got
hard
work
which
l a y c u l t u r e i n you, you do
ahead to f u l l y
r e a l i z e not have t o go anywhere
you
the
promise
of
the to l e a r n i t , but
to use
Shuswap D e c l a r a t i o n and must l e a r n how
most
of
the
speakers i t " .
stressed
the
importance
FIRST NATIONS
INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMACY
A f t e r t a l k i n g t o some o f
the p e o p l e who went on
the
Indian C o n t i t u t i o n
E x p r e s s to Europe, i t
became a p p a r e n t t h a t i n
a d d i t i o n , to a c t i n g as
our
ambassadors,
they
were
also
acting
as
members of
our
First
Nations
International
D i p l o m a t i c Corps.
They
brought back i n f o r m a t i o n
of what those
foreign
p l a c e s and p e o p l e were
l i k e and
they
brought
back an u n d e r s t a n d i n g of
why
our
elders
are
c a u t i o n i n g us t o beware
taking
on
non-Indian
ways i n d i s c r i m i n a t e l y .
The e x p e r i e n c e o f S y l v i a
Woods i s an example.
the
do
not
smile
at
all."
She reasoned t h a t
the European y o u t h must
hate s c h o o l because the
s c h o o l s t h e r e have b a r s
on the windows.
"They
looked
awful."
she
o b s e r v e d , " I would not
want anyone to be
in
there."
"Before we went o v e r , we
were
prepared
by
the
E l d e r s , s p i r i t u a l people
and l e a d e r s and by Wayne
( C h i e f Wayne C h r i s t i a n )
and we c a r r i e d p r o t e c tion.
We were t o l d to
use
our
feelings."
S y l v i a e x p l a i n e d how i t
was n e c e s s a r y t o go by
her f e e l i n g s i n d e a l i n g
w i t h the p e o p l e o f the
Sylvia
travelled
t o v a r i o u s European c o u n t as
they
could
Rotterdam and Amsterdam r i e s
alienate
the
i n H o l l a n d , t o Intwerp e a s i l y
and F l a n d e r s i n B r u s s e l s p o t e n t i a l support by not
sensitive
to
and
to
London;
she b e i n g
observed
pollution
to European p e o p l e s ' f e a r s
such an e x t e n t t h a t her and w o r r i e s . "For examj e a n s were bleached
by p l e , " she e x p l a i n e d , " i n
acid rain.
" I t i s o v e r - B e l g i u m , they are s i t u a crowded
there,"
she ted between t h r e e powers a i d , "and t h e r e i s no f u l c o u n t r i e s , Germany,
escape; a t l e a s t
over France and the N e t h e r They are composhere,
we
have
our l a n d s .
r e s e r v e s and campgrounds ed o f two l i n g u i s t i c and
minorities
to
go
to,
but
over c u l t u r a l
t h e r e , a l l the l a n d i s ( W a l l o o n s and Flemmish)
used;
every
inch
i s and they f e e l v e r y weak
covered by b u i l d i n g s o r and v u l n e r a b l e , so they
away
from
any
farms
or
gardens
and backed
of
demont h a t i s where we
are suggestions
could
heading."
She s a i d she s t r a t i o n s ana we
was not s u r p r i s e d by the not h o l d b i g m e e t i n g s
They
smog, d i r t
and
o v e r - t h e r e as a r e s u l t .
away from
any
crowding
which
she backed
observed
in
Europe d i s c u s s i o n s of our p r o b because she had e x p e c t e d lems w i t h the Canadian
it
but
the
e m o t i o n a l Government, so we t a l k e d
d i s t a n c e o f the p e o p l e about our I n d i a n v e t e r there
alarmed
h e r . ans not b e i n g r e c o g n i z e d
the
problems
of
"They do not s m i l e , they and
I
n
d
i
a
n
l
i
f
e
and
would
are
unemotional"
she
the
Constituremarked.
" I n London, mention
Continued on pg. 14
tion
only
while."
once
in
a
The l a s t two weeks i n
Europe,
Sylvia
began
h a v i n g n i g h t m a r e s about
war.
"Every news hour
c a r r i e s the t h r e a t of
n u c l e a r war, t h e r e a r e
bases a l l o v e r ,
right
next
door.
After
a
w h i l e i t c o u l d d r i v e you
crazy.
I t got p e o p l e
c r a z y because t h e r e i s
no
escape over
there;
they have t o l e a r n to
b l o c k i t out but you can
see t h a t i t makes them
act crazy."
S y l v i a r e l a t e d an i n c i dent
which
not
only
p a r a p h r a s e d the s t a t e o f
European
knowledge
of
I n d i a n s but which demonstrated
the
need
for
i n c r e a s e d communications
between the I n d i a n
and
European
Nations.
"Mostly t h e i r a t t i t u d e s
come from
John Wayne
movies." she e x p l a i n e d ,
"Especially
the
young
p e o p l e , who would i n v a r iably
ask
questions
about f e a t h e r s and bucks k i n . Carment M a r a c l e ' s
beads and I n d i a n T - s h i r t
aroused the i n t e r e s t o f
a European man who asked
'YOU
INDIAN?'.
When
Carmen r e p l i e d a f f i r m a tively, his
questioner
shot back "GOOD HOBBY.'
They have I n d i a n c l u b s
where they d r e s s up and
p l a y I n d i a n , l i k e i n the
movies." S y l v i a e x p l a i n ed.
With
regard
to
the
accomplishments of
the
ICE
to Europe, S y l v i a
was q u i c k to express her
feelings.
"Well,
we
INDIAN WORLD 13
broke t h e romantic i d e a
they
had
of
Indian
people and we t o l d them
we were d e f i n i t l e y not
a s s i m i l a t e d . We i n f o r m ed them o f our problems
here and how t h e s e problems
are created
by
government and we made
good European c o n t a c t s
who a r e s t i l l w i l l i n g to
work f o r u s . "
Sylvia
brushed a s i d e my comments about t h e courage
r e q u i r e d t o t r a v e l so
far to f o r e i g n c o u n t r i e s
w i t h o u t knowledge o f t h e
language o r customs. "1
would go back
without
h e s i t a t i o n . " she s t a t e d
firmly.
Now i t i s up t o us t o
b e n e f i t from t h e e x p e r i e n c e and knowledge t h a t
our F i r s t N a t i o n s D i p l o mats b r o u g h t back from
Europe.
The ways o f
Canadians a r e t h e ways
of t h e i r European f o r e f a t h e r s and Canada i s
developing
after
the
p a t t e r n s e t i n Europe.
Europe i s j u s t a few
y e a r s ahead b u t Canada
i s c a t c h i n g up f a s t .
I s a b e l l e Deom
August 25, 1982
From pg. 13
WESTERN INDIAN AGRICULTURAL CORPORATION
2ND FLOOR - 440 WEST HASTINGS
VANCOUVER, B.C.
Serving the tndiair*People of B.C.
Is an Indian organization developed on the i n i t i a t i v e of the Indian
people of B.C.
WIAC
WIAC's purpose Is to provide the means whereby Indians can obtan the maximum
benefits from t h e i r a g r i c u l t u r a l resource base.
is an a g r i c u l t u r a l extension body which a s s i s t s Indian people t o
understand and apply technical information.
WIAC
WIAC's A c t i v i t i e s are oriented toward:
-
creating awareness among Indian farmers about t h e i r resource
potential;
-
a s s i s t i n g Indian farmers in the planning and development of t h e i r
resources;
-
providing Indian farmers with some of the basic technical knowledge,
in general, a g r i c u l t u r e and farm economics;
a s s i s t i n g Indian people i n 4-H youth development;
-
a s s i s t i n g Indian farmers In the preparation of economic f e a s i b i l i t y
studies of major land reclamation p r o j e c t s .
14 INDIAN WORLD
PUBLIC NOTICE
FROM THE
NISHNAWBE ~ASKI NATION
The concept o f a b o r i g i n a l r i g h t s i s c l e a r i n the minds o f Nishnawbe-Aski. I t
means t h e r i g h t o f an e x i s t i n g n a t i o n t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n .
In order to
s u r v i v e , a n a t i o n must d e t e r m i n e i t s own f u t u r e . T h i s i n c l u d e s the r i g h t to
d e v e l o p i t s e l f s o c i a l l y , c u l t u r a l l y , s p i r i t u a l l y , and p o l i t i c a l l y ; under i t s
own d i r e c t i o n , i n i t s own a r e a , and i n i t s own time frame. The i s s u e s o f the
Nishnawbe-Aski a r e not i s o l a t e d on t h e r e s e r v e s . They a d d r e s s the environment
as a whole — n o t j u s t h u n t i n g , f i s h i n g , t r a p p i n g , and g a t h e r i n g .
They a r e
i s s u e s w h i c h d e a l w i t h t h e use o f t h e l a n d and i t s r e s o u r c e s .
Every i s s u e
that i s r e l e v a n t to the provinces i n v o l v e s a b o r i g i n a l r i g h t s .
THE
ISSUE: CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS
The Nishnawbe-Aski a r e n o t s a t i s f i e d t h a t t h e i r r i g h t t o s e l f - d e t e r m i n a t i o n
and p a r t i c i p a t i o n as an e x i s t i n g n a t i o n i s r e c o g n i z e d under t h e 1981 Canadian
Constitution.
B a s i c i s s u e s w h i c h make the Canadian C h a r t e r o f R i g h t s and the
amending f o r m u l a u n a c c e p t a b l e a r e n o t a d d r e s s e d .
" A b o r i g i n a l r i g h t s " a r e r e f e r r e d t o but not d e f i n e d .
R e p r e s e n t a t i o n from
a b o r i g i n a l p e o p l e w i l l be " i n v i t e d " i n the " d i s c u s s i o n s " on a b o r i g i n a l r i g h t s
d u r i n g the f i r s t C o n s t i t u t i o n a l Conference w i t h t h e Prime M i n i s t e r and the
f i r s t m i n i s t e r s o f the provinces.
But t h a t i s n o t enough:
There i s no
g u a r a n t e e t h a t e l e c t e d I n d i a n l e a d e r s w i l l be a l l o w e d t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n
a n y t h i n g more than an a d v i s o r y c a p a c i t y on i s s u e s which s e r i o u s l y a f f e c t the
l i v e s o f the people they r e p r e s e n t .
The Nishnawbe-Aski want t o d e t e r m i n e t h e i r own f u t u r e as a d i s t i n c t p a r t o f
Canadian s o c i e t y , y e t t h e r e i s no a s s u r a n c e t h a t the I n d i a n N a t i o n s w i l l be
g i v e n e q u a l s t a t u s w i t h t h e p r o v i n c e s i n t h e new C o n f e d e r a t i o n .
The Canadian
C o n s i t u t i o n does n o t r e c o g n i z e t h e i r n a t i o n h o o d .
Entrenchment o f a b o r i g i n a l r i g h t s , as d e f i n e d by t h e o r i g i n a l p e o p l e s , i s a t
the c o r e o f a l l I n d i a n i s s u e s .
As a nation^, o f a b o r i g i n a l p e o p l e s , t h e
Nishnawbe-Aski have a r e s p o n s i b l i t y t o the p e o p l e and the l a n d . They c l a i m a
r i g h t t o be c o n s u l t e d on t h e b a s i s o f e x i s t i n g n a t i o n s as d e f i n e d by the U. N.
For the P o e p l e and t h e Land, a b o r i g i n a l r i g h t s a r e n o t n e g o t i a b l e .
NISHNAWBE-ASKI
THE PEOPLE AND THE LAND
represented by Grand Council Treaty Nine
71 THIRD AVE., Timmins, Ont.
P4NIC2
(705) 267-2911
INDIAN WORLD 15
FIRST NATIONS OF SOUTH ISLAND TRIBAL COUNCIL
P.O. Box 62
MILL BAY, B.C. V0R 2P0
This w i l l o f f i c i a l l y n o t i f y you that a t the South Island D i s t r i c t Council
Meeting of June 1982, there was a motion made by Chief Wilson Bob and
seconded by Chief Maiden Harry that the South Island D i s t r i c t Council be now
known as FIRST NATIONS OF SOUTH ISLAND TRIBAL COUNCIL. The motion was
carried.
The mailing address remains:
The
location of the o f f i c e :
The new telephone number:
Box 62
Mi II bay, B.C. V0R 2P0
Malahat Reserve
743 - 3228
The o f f i c e hours: Mon - F r i :
8:30 a.m. t o 12 noon
1:00 p.m. t o 4:30 p.m.
At the present time, the
s t a f f c o n s i s t s of
Thomas Sampson
Gus Underwood
Advisor
Louise Underwood
Roy Daniels
Janie Thorne
Normon Joe
Research
:
Vancouver, B.C.
AUCTION
NOTICE
L A R G E PRIVATE
COLLECTION
W o r l d Aboriginal
Artifacts
A fantastic selection of fine
and rare materials
North A m e r i c a n Indian
Stone & wood, shell, bone & ivory,
copper, silver & gold, bead work,
basketry, textiles, etc.
PREVIEW SUNDAY Oct. 3rd AFTERNOON 1 to 5
AUCTION BEGINS 7:30
Oct.4th 5th 6th
Info. & mailing list
449 Hamilton Street
PAPPAS TRADERS
(604) 681-6391
PROPRIETOR T. PAPPAS III AUCTIONEER
CONSIGNMENTS
16 INDIAN WORLD
CONSIDERED
-
Chairperson
Economic Development
-
Indian Government Advisor
Construction Supervisor
Secretary
P o l i c y Development
Our lives arc dedicated to the
Education and Survival of Our
Children who one day shall not only
Be
Teachers themselves but the
Guardians and Protectors of Our
Indian Government
EDITORIAL
You no doubt have r e a d
the
articles
i n this
i s s u e about Roger A d o l p h
going t o j a i l f o r expressing h i s right to
f i s h . I cannot h e l p b u t
c o n t i n u e t o e x p r e s s my
feelings f o r this f i s h i n g war t h a t c o n t i n u e s
on.
There i s no doubt
i n my mind t h a t t h e Fede r a l Government a g e n t s ,
assigned
to
continue
harrassment,
through
peek-a-boo
surveillance
and
stopping
Indian
People as they t r a v e l i n
a so c a l l e d f r e e s o c i e t y
a r e o u r enemies.
I am
surprised
that
the
government a g e n t s do n o t
have a c o n c r e t e w a l l f o r
Indian People
t o pass
t h r o u g h and be c h e c k e d .
Perhaps F e d e r a l f i s h e r i e s a r e having d i f f i c u l ty developing a present
i n v i s i b l e boundary t h a t
does e x i s t i n t o a more
v i s i b l e one.
Through the. t e a c h i n g o f
t h e i r a n c e s t o r s have no
respect f o r our Indian
People, our c u l t u r e , o r
our I n d i a n Laws.
Let
a l o n e any r e s p e c t f o r
t r e a t i e s s i g n e d o r words
of promises,
they a r e
still
riding
i n true
b l u e form a s l i a r s and
thieves
who y e t come
w i t h s m i l e s and p r o m i s e s
of
new
and
greater
deals.
My h e a r t , m i n d ,
s p i r i t s t a n d w i t h Roger
Adolph
and t h e many
Indian people
who y e t
fight
t h e government
requesting
recognition
of
our
aboriginal
r i g h t s , and the r i g h t t o
self-determination
through
our
Indian
Governments.
Herman Thomas
I f y o u a r e n o t aware o f
fisheries
policy, i t
c o n s i s t s o f s t o p p i n g any
Indian person t r a v e l l i n g
out o f a f i s h i n g bounda r y and c h e c k i n g f o r any
illegal
f i s h on t h e i r
v e h i c l e or person.
Of
course
this
involves
some v e r y c r u d e l o o k i n g
Federal agents o f the
now
present
dominate
i m m i g r a n t s o c i e t y domina t i n g our Indian people.
Second Class
Mail Registration
Number 4983, Vancouver B.C.
Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs
440 West Hastings,
Vancouver, B.C. V6B 1L1
General Assembly
Oct. 26, 27, 28
Williams Lake-Cariboo Tribal Council
St Joesph's Mission School
INDIANOWORLD
“THE CHOICE IS OURS” OCTOBER 1982
.
.
eee
q a
\ aa
—
~ . — “=
) FIRST NATI a
a a
| GENERAL -
. TO BUILD, DEVELOP AND FIRMLY ESTABLISH: OUR f
re ABORIGINAL STATUS, TITLE, RIGHTS, NATIONS, GOVERNMENTS |
. AND INHERENT RIGHT TO SELF- DETERMINATION,
\, |
, SPECIFIC
LANGUAGE |
ESTABLISH OUR OWN NATIONS’ AND TRIBES’ LANGUAGE AS
|
OR
|
OUR FIRST LANGUAGE
DEVELOP OUR HISTORY FROM OUR OWN PEOPLES!
|
y —*xHIESTORY
NATIONS PERSPECTIVE
| CULTURE
PRACTICE THE CUSTOMS, & BELIEFS OF OUR
PEOPLE & NATIONS |
DEFINE & KNOW THE TERRITORIAL BOUNDARIES OF OUR
VALUES,
TERRITORY
4
NATIONS
| RESOURCES
MANAGE & UTILIZE THE RESOURCES WITHIN THE
BOUNDARIES OF OUR NATIONS TERRITORIAL LANDS,
ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, {
i
wI YY
im _ INSTITUTIONS
= h DEVELOP OUR OWN POLITICAL,
py \ CULTURAL, EDUCATIONAL & SPIRITUAL INSTITUTIONS
- 4 | GOVERNMENT
, ) ESTABLISH OUR OWN FORM OF INDIAN GOVERNMENT WHO'S = |
fa 4 SOURCE AND POWER IS THE PEOPLE OF OUR COMMUNITY |
\ AND NATIONS
, POLICY & LAW
POLICIES & LAWS JO MANAGE &
AND NATION
Y ‘
\ MAKE OUR OWN
ADMINISTER THE AFFAIRS OF OUR BAN
&
DESIGN 7}
A
a
7
y
}
. 1
J )
, NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM
ENHANCE THE UNIQUENESS OF OUR PEOPLES!
NATIONS IDENTITY: DECLARE OWN HOLIDAY:
& DEVELOP SYMBOLS WHICH ARE UNIQUE AND SPECIAL
=
aN
=n.
DELIVERS
TO OUR PEOPLES & NATIONS
GOES BEYOND
ADH INISTRAT 1 ON
ADMINISTRATION THAT
SIMPLY
ESTABLISH
PROGRAMS WE DESIGN AND
DELIVERING DIA PROGRAMS
OUR OWN CEREMONIAL PROTOCOL AND
i
4
b INTERNATIONAL AFF IARS
FOREIGN POLICY TO GOVERN AND REGULATE OUR
WITH OTHER
ESTABLISH
4
DIPLOMATIC — RELATIONSHIPS
PEOPLES & NATIONS AROUND US AND OF THE
% —_
“WR, WORLD,
AN ALTERNATIVE TO
RENTING!
Why continue to pay the high cost of perpetual monthly
telephone rentals ?
With the passing of the October 81 CRTC ruling
which permits the ownership of telephone equipment, you
now have a choice.
When you consider the option of owning your telephone
system, you've considered the benefits.
Benefits which include the reduced monthly cash outlay, the
accumulation of equity and the personalized service
to name a few.
The ‘other’ phone store allows your organization to make the
changeover with complete confidence. Once you've made
the decision concerning the type of system which best
suits your needs from lea@ing manufacturers like
Mitel, Northern Telecom and GTE; we provide fully qualified
technicians to install and maintain your system 24 hrs.,
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For consultation and cost savings please call us at any
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An investment in profitable communications
INDIAN©WORLD
“THE CHOICE I$ OURS"
OCTOBER 1982
The Indian World is the official
voice of the Union of British Colum-
bia Indian Chiefs. It is dedicated
to building a strong foundation for
the implementation of Indian Govern-
ments at the Band Level. It oper-
ates solely through mandates and
resolutions passed at each General
Assembly each year in which reports
are given at the years end. The
President is answerable to Chiefs
Council; during the year council is
chosen through elections at each
opportunity to be a part of the
organization through their process
of decision-making. Signed articles
and opinions are the views of the
individuals concerned and not neces-
sarily those of the U.B.C.I.C.
EDITOR: Herman Thomas
WRITTEN CONTRIBUTIONS: George
Manuel, Legal Department, Chief
Roger Adolph, Isabelle Deom,
Chawathil Band Council.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Indian World Magazinesessccossseceeel |
To The Indigenous PeopleSssssssseeeld
Chief Goes to Jalilessesevesssvessese4
Indian Governmente.cccccesssseecncesl
European RelectionS..secsceseccesee 10
Shuswap Nation Declarationessesese212
First Nations International
Diplomacye.sccscccccsssccnvesccee ld
Public Notic@scssssccccssencscucace 15
ANNOUNCEMENtS esscsaeseeseseeeneses 16
EditorialscscsscceeseeeeseBack Cover
TYPESETTING & LAYOUT Gloria Sells,
Donna Ruta
PRINTING by Kodiak Press
Ps ‘ a. a ine 4 nt
¢ , Pl r —e PL
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INDIAN WORLD
FREDA NAHANEE
TEL. (604) 988-4735
/
1
TO THE
INDIGENOUS
PEOPLES
When I say, "The Earth
is our hother" I am
saying that Canada is
our. promised land.
Where other people look
"homeward" for the meai-
cines to heal them-
selves, this is our
home. If the exiled
condition in which Last-
ern Europeans’ believe
themselves can only be
ended with a change in
the relationship between
their Mother country and
the neighbouring Great
Powers, our exile can be
ended only with a change
in our relationship with
Canada»
The dewand of Indigenous
people that we be allow-
ed to sit at the table
where our lives are
being negotiated and
where our resources are
being carved up like a
pie is not really very
different from the
demand made by every
non-Indian 3roup in
Canada, who share both a
common history and a
common territory. The
whole history of Canada
has largely been one
long negotiations about
the distribution of
econowic political
powere It is only with
the guarantees of our
rights and of the powers
to make the decisions
affecting our own conm-
munities that we can end
the political manipula-
tion on our lives.
The way to end the cust-
odian-child relationship
for Indian people is not
to abolish our status as
Indians but to allow us
to take our place at the
table with all the rest
of the adults. Indian
status has too often
been described as a
special status by those
who wanted to create an
argument to get rid of
it. Indian status is
neither more nor less
special than those spec-
ial provisions that have
been made for different
provinces at confedera-
tion; and since, in
order to make it possi-
ble for them to work
within the partnership
of Canada, these provi-
sions were also the
recoznition of the
unique needs of differ-
ent people and yroups.
The provisions have been
preserved because' the
differences have been
found real. Yet, every-
one insists that they do
not confer special
status because they only
create conditions for
the different groups to
become equal partners.
The eriticism that
Indigenous people make
is that even if the
Federal and Provincial
Parliaments do serve the
Wishes of the - great
majority of Canadian
people they can never
fully serve the needs of
our people. I do not
doubt that these insti-
tutions might serve the
There will be no signi-
ficant change in the
condition of unilateral
dependence Ehat> has’ ©
characterized our hist-
ory through the past
century and more until
Indian peoples are
allowed to develop our
own forms of responsible
government. The route
to be followea to the
Fourth World will be as
diverse and varied as
are the Indian tribes.
The Fourth World is not,
after all, a final solu-
tion. It is not even a
destination. It is the
right to travel freely
not only on our road but
in our own vehicles.
Unilateral dependence
can never be ended by a
forced assimilation.
Real integration can
only be achieved through
a voluntary partnership
and a partnership cannot
be based .on a tenant-
landlord relationship.
The way to end the
condition of unilateral
dependence and begin the
lonj, warch to the Fourth
World is through home
rule.
It was the demand for
home rule and responsi-
ble government in Upper
and Lower Canada that
gave rise to an enduring
partnership among the
rovinces of Canada and
between the Dominion and
purposes for which they her Mother country.
were intended. I am When Quebec and Canada
saying that our .own were united as one
needs can be fully province for twenty-five
served only through the years they discovered
development of our own that responsible govern-
institutions. ment without none
2 INDIAN WORLD
Continued on pg. 3
rule is meaningless.
Confederation p,uaranteed
local autonomy at
least for the two wajor
powers participating.
The smaller and poorer
Maritime Provinces
demanded jyrants that
would provide them with
the econowic power to
participate in confeder-
ation ana allow a finan-
cial base on which to
enjoy their local auton-
OnLy «
We know that no provin-
cial or federal yovern-
ments will ever deal
fairly with the Indige-
nous peoples until we
can nepotiate from a
position of strength.
We also know that the
kind of integration
based on mutual respect
and acceptance of each
other's values as valid
for the other, will
never happen until
Indigenous people
achieve the same stand-
ard of living as that
enjoyed by the white
Canadians. Remaining
Indigenous to Canada
means that Indian people
yain control of the
economic and social
development of our own
communities within a
frame work of leyal and
constitutional guaran-
tees for our land and
our Indian institutions
remain in a defensive
position and our only
weapon is passive
resistance. With the
constitutional and
material support to
carry on that develop-
went there would be no
ailemna.
The racial myths that
were created to justify
the seizure of our land
base will only be fully
dispelled when we have
received the lez,al
recognition of our
effective title to the
lands that remain to us;
and sufficient yrants to
compensate for what is
lost so that we can
afford to develop what
does remaine Only then
will we be able to
demonstrate that there
is no conflict between
wantin, to live comfort-
ably and wanting to
develop within our own
traditional framework.
The desire for legal
recognition of our
aboriginal and treaty
rights has taken on a
religious perspective.
But as in most natural
or traditional relip-
ions, the spiritual has
not been separated from
the material world.
Recognition of our
aboriginal rights must
be the mainspring of our
future economic and
social independence. It
is as much in the “long
term interest of the
white people of North
America as in our owwn
interest that we be
allowed our birthright
rather than that’ the
Provincial, the Federal
and the British Govern-
nents perpetuate the
conspiracy that renders
us the objects of
charity while others
enjoy the wealth of our
land. Lord Denning of
the British Court began
in his judgement, on
A
January 28, 1982, ot)
tracing “the Indian
title was a title super-
ior to all others, save
and so far as_ the
Indians themselves,
surrendered it or ceded
to the Crown. That
title was guaranteed to
them by the Crown ".
The wmassive political
lobby mounted by our
people across Canada, in
Europe and especially in
England, is a testimony
of our conviction to
enlar;e our land base
and to strengthen our
economic and political
foundation within Canada
and within the Canadian
legal system. We reject
the goal of the Provin-
cial and the Federal
Governments to extermin-
ate uSe
r
George Manuel
_S
From pg. 2
INDIAN WORLD 3
te Goer TRIBAL COUNCIL
13 JULY 1982
C HI EF "PERSONAL"
GOES Right Honourable Plerre Elllott Trudeau
Prima Minister of Canada
TO House of Commons,
J AIL OTTAWA, ONTARIO,
Because of the Importance of the three ATTENTION: Mr, Michael PITFIELD, P.M,
.letters, they are Included as is, In Clerk of the Privy Council &
regards to Chief Roger Adolph going to Secretary to the Cabinet
Jall. —
i=
Dear Sirs:
| enclose two letters submitted to the Court on my fishing charges. One is a letter dated,
MARCH 18, 1982; the second Is a letter of JULY 13, 1982, The letters are self explanatory.
when | sald In my letter to the Court that | will not take up more of the Court's time, | was
glving notice of our move away from the peaceful legal arena into the Political arena, For my
people, our Right to fish Is a very serious matter, My going to jall Is a very serious
matter. There must be some proper settlement of our Aboriginal Rights to fish or the tenslon
within our communities will escalate beyond the stage when | as a Chief can contain my people
peacefully. This Is not a threat. This Is a fact, Our people have been peaceful and patient
long enough, we have hoped to resolve a co-operative system of resource sharing and management
There are plenty of fish, If managed right, to serve the needs of all of us,
The management of the fisheries has been proved over the years to be so mishandled that Indian
theories and practises of conservation and management which worked for thousands of years, can
only enhance the salmon resource, So long as the Department of Fisherles continues to assume
full power to control and manage the resource, jalling our people for asserting our Rights to
participate as our forefathers have done In the fishery, there can be no co-operation between
our people and the Government of Canada.
We have been assured that the recognition of Aboriginal and Treaty Rights in the Canadian.
Constitution marks a new spirit of co-operation between the Nation of Canada and our Indlan
First Nations, My going to jall does not demonstrate that co-operation, Therefore, to
demonstrate this new attitude properly and sincerely, we demand you put the following Into
action Immediately:
1) Natural enhancement of the salmon stock must be respected, recognized and maintained in
order that the resource wlll benefit all user groups;
2) We have full authority over our traditional fishing stations in order that we may execise
our exclusio Right to fish and practise traditional methods of conservation;
3) We have full participation In management and conservation measures and policies within ou
Reserve fishing stations - this must have legislative recognition and authority;
4) That Aboriginal Title and Rights be Included In the Constitution of Canada with a consent
clause;
Upon acceptance of the above demands our LI|looet Tribal Council, alongside other first Nation
willing to participate in meaningful and objective meetings. We must bring these crucial situ
to a head and resolve our differences,
Sincerely yours,
Chlef Roger L. Adolph
Fountain Indlan Band
4 INDIAN WORLD
LILLOOET TRIBAL COUNCIL
13 JULY 1962
Judge Kenneth HOUGHTON,
County Court Judge,
County Court Registry,
P/O. Box 639,
ATTENTION: Clerk of the Court
Dear Sirs:
RE: Notice of Appeal against Sentence
Regina v,. Roger Luke ADOLPH - Fishing Trial,
MARCH 23, 1982
Please refer to my letter dated, MARCH 18, 1982, RE: Notice of Abandonment which
was entered as an exhibit In dropping my appeal case before you Honour Judge
Kenneth HOUGHTON at County Court on MARCH 23, 1982,
As you are aware, | was charged and fined $300.00 (three hundred dollars) - (two
counts) for food fishing on the Fountaln Indian Reserve, or, spend 14 (fourteen)
days In jail on default of payment, | will and cannot In good consclence pay a
fine for exercising my Aboriginal Right to fish.
Therefore, | have chosen to go to jall on this matter, | shal|i be the first
Chlef and Native Indian person within my Tribe to go to jall for fishing. |
stand firm on this position and prepare myself for your penal Institution,
| felt compelled to advise you of my decision,
Yours truly,
Chief Roger L, ADOLPH,
Fountain Indian Band,
c/c: Prime Minister Plerre Ell lot TRUDEAU
Chlef David AHENAKEW = Assembly of First Natlons
Chief Thomas SAMPSON - Assembly of First Natiéns
Arnold ADOLPH = Central Interior Tribal Councl|
Wayne BOBB - Stolo Nation
Chlef George SADDLEMAN = Nicola Valley Area Council | ‘
Chief Nathan SPINKS - NI'Akapxm Natlon Tribal Councl |
Robert SIMON = Shuswap Nation Tribal Councl |
Stanley STUMP = Cariboo Tribal Councl|
Chief Leonard ANDREW - Mount Currie Indian Band
Honourable Jean CHRETIEN - Minister of Justice
Honourable John MUNRO - Minister of Indian Afflars
Honourable Romeo LeBLANC - Minister of Fisheries & Oceans
Dr. Lorne GREENAWAY - Member of Parliament
Mr. Jim MANLY = Member of Par | lament
Mr. Joe CLARK = Member of Par| lament
Mr. Ed BROADBENT = Member of Parllament
Mr. Wayne SHINNERS = Fisheries & Oceans
Dr. Michael! KIRBY - Federal-Provinclal Relations
Mr. Dennis MARANTZ - Federal-Provincial Relations Office
Ms, Loulse MANDELL = Lawyer, U.B.C,1,C.
Mr. Stuart RUSH = Bolton, Rush & McGrady
INDIAN WORLD 5
18 MARCH 1982
County Court Registry,
P/O Box 639
Court House,
ASHCROFT, B.C.,
VOK = 1A0,
ATTENTION: Clerk of the Court
Dear Sirs:
RE: Roger ADOLPH = County Court Appeal
| would ask you to kindly bring this letter to the attention of the Judge. |
would also welcome the opportunity of reading this letter Into the record when
my case Is called on the 25rd day of MARCH, 1962,
| abandon my case, yet | do not concede that the Department of Fisheries Is
right in charging me with food fishing at our fishing rock with a dip net on
AUGUST 17, 1979,
| am an Indian person of the Lillooet Tribe and according to our law | have a
Right to fish for food In our rivers as my forefathers have fished since time
immemorial, Our law was confirmed by the Queen's law. By the Royal Proclamation
of 1763 our Aboriginal Rights are protected unti!l we consent to surrender them
to the Crown, The Lillooet Tribe has never surrendered our Rights, When our
Reserves were established the Queen's representatives confirmed on her behalf
that fishing Rights would be protected on the Fountain Indian Reserve, | was
flshing on the Fountaln Reserve on AUGUST 17, 1979,
When | was arrested, | was asked by the Justice of the Peace If | understood the
charge against me. | advised him that | knew | was belng charged but did not
understand why. According to my bellefs and the bellefs of my people, | had not
broken any law,
| abandon my case because the Government has refused or neglected to bring
Canada's law In line with the Queen's law and our Indian Law, | am told that
this Court must enforce the Fisheries Act and cannot look beyond it. | have no
Interest in advancing a defence which Is based on a technical argument; nor can
| in good falth give any reason for my fishing other than the true one,
_
Our Elders have glven up so many fishing days to Ilive within Fisheries law.
They co-operated because they were told that they were helping the salmon. But
the Elders see that fewer salmon come up our rivers today than before. The
stocks are depleted by the commercial fishery and through Industrial waste —
under the supervision and management of the Department of Fisheries,
It Is now evident that Canada proposes to extinguish our Aboriginal fishing
Rights through legislation In the name of conservation, Such legislation has
impinged on previously guaranteed Aboriginal Rights, A promise made to the
Indian people by the Crown has been broken by Canada, | have learned to accept
this as a fact of our existence as Aboriginal people. But, | have also learned
that truth and determination wil) always prevall in the end,
In the meantime, | respect and honor your position as the Judge of this Court
and understand your mandate. | wil! not take up any more of the Court's time,
Roger L, ADOLPH,
Fountaln Indian Band,
=
6 INDIAN WORLD
INDIAN GOVERNMENT
SELF ~RELIANT
(The Chawathil peoples
(Hope Indian Band) has
taken a major step in
becomin, self reliant.
Todays- generation has
known our reserve to be
the real “LAND LIVERS”
of these 1,300 acres of
Chawathil (Indian mean-
ing, the sand bar at the
rivers bend) their
memories can recall when
all the families came
topether and assisted
one another at haying
time, the biy dinners,
the hard work and the
fun times. There were
family gardens, planted
by horse drawn farm
tools, orchards, wild
berries, cattle roaminy
and fresh eggs to be
exchanged.s These memor-
ies have been key
factors of our reserve
leadership today as they
embark on land use and
Economic Developments
that will affect our
future generations. The
days remembered when
“Traditional Values”
were what strenythened
our peoples --—- Time was
taken to be together -—-
helping hands when there
were needs of shelter,
barn Raising, building
places of Spiritual
Worship.
The greatest challenge
for leadership is to
recognize but preater
yet is to effectively
retain those "Tradition-
al Values". When devel-
oping community endea-
vors is heavily reliant
on what today is called
"Wage Economy”. This
style of Social Economic
ate have been
Continued on pg. 8
imposed on our way of
thinking; from the days
of maintaining as a
community unit we have
been polluted as well as
our lands.
We have pollution in its
every form from Land,
Air, Waters, body and
mind. The lands have
been ribboned with rail-
roads, public highways,
pipelines, hydro/tele-
phone lines and _ most
sorrowly non-Indian land
and business leases,
negotiated with empty
promises of Indians
gaining benefits...
familiar...
The heavy influence of
Goverment Lackies have
slanted their program
criteria of “pet the
poor depressed Indian
otf the Welfare or unem-
ployed benefits" and
into the mainstream,
waking native communi-
ties dependant on
government standards of
Social/Economy progress
schemes by developing
programs to lever funds
into Native projects.
To the end result of
what many of us have
experienced of “Make
Work" projects; bush
clearing, fence lines,
right of way wmainten-
ance, landscaping and
garbage clearing,
endless examples...dead
endSe«-
This form of pollution
has intensified the
anger and frustration
between our leaders and
membership. If we
continue to be dictated
by these false criteria
we are robbing ourselves |
and communities of their
creative human talents.
Our unique difference to
remain as a people. So
long as leadership and
the communities continue
to work out short and
long range directions,
continue to consult and
debate with each other,
continue the table
pounding with an agree-
able decision in the
ends.-we are practicing
our “Traditional .
Values”.
Our peoples of Chawathil
use to number in the
high hundreds a century
ago, however today maybe
200 membership can be
identified, we have
doubled from 45 to 90
actual on reserve peo-
ples in the past five
years. The most stag-
gering fact we must
recognize is that 7/54 of
that population is 24
years and under; this
increase demonstrates
our detenaination. Our
Indian yovernment sup-
ports this direction as
our most valued resource
is the people. Since
1977 our leadership has
loyzed hundreds of hours
of planning time with
the purpose to retain
our lifestyles as _ the
lana lives.
From 1977-79, we churned
housing, education,
social, land use and
economic topics on a
regular basis. The end
result was submitting to
the Federal Government
for a feasibility study.
In 1979 we entered into
INDIAN WORLD 7
an agreement with Local
Ewploynent Assistance
Program (LEAP) to re-
search a bialbe economic
development. Qur pri-
mary concern is to
return 800 acres of the
1300 acre Chawathil
reserve back into
productivity in conmit-
tment to that goal we
concentrated on a 20
acre parcel. We formed
the Chawathil farm co-op
and registered with the
Provincial association
of Co-operatives and
began our Agri/Aqua
development. Based on
our willingness to pro-
gress we were into a
possible three year
committment with LEAP
for operational finan-
ceSe
Resultant to those first
three years we have on
file questionaires and
Sample studies prepared
by Indian government and
coumunity interst yroups
there is a residential
plan that remains in the
works that identifies a
30 “unlit “or “a: 25 “unt
Subdivision/housing plan
on Chawathil reserve,
there is on file a land
use mapping booklet that
keeps our council
committed to the pro-
tection of our land base
for all future yenera-
tions that requires many
wore hours of planning
eeewe have a shopping
list of potential devel-
opments that keeps the
focus of current
“Government” program
opportunities in line
with our land use bene-
fits.
ae
8 INDIAN WORLD
One reality, it took
many years to put us in
the state of inactivity
eessany change is not
going to happen over-
night--however ffroml950
to present date August
1982 our peoples commit-
tment has brought many
rewards:
= “In 1980 °we ‘began
physical land develop-
ments on the 20 acre
land site. We matched
our LEAP proposal with
another Federal yovern-
ment program; Special
ARDA that affords the
Capital requirements of
the Agri/Aqua construc-
tion phase. We involved
10. people form our
reserve and planted 3
acres of mixed crops and
dug two ponds to rear
3,000 rainbow trout...
first of all we had to
clear all the brush,
dead timbers and then
prepare the land...
- In 1981 modified our
pen rearin, plan to
construct concrete
racways (21) that would
grow 100,000 rainbow
trout in a twelve month
period. We began
construction and by
March '81 had completed
(9) pens stocked with
30,000 trout. We plant-
ed (8) acres of mixed
-crop that year.
- In 1982 we intend to
complete all the pen
construction; at present
we are pen stocked with
60,000 rainbow trout and
have 22 acres planted
this year in Pod/Sugar
peas green/waxed beans,
carrots, broccoli, cab-
baze, cauliflower, early
king/jubilee corn. One
acre mised with beets,
onions tomatoes and
lettuce.
All cold crops were
started in our cold
frames; transplanted
into the field site. We
have tried to stay away
from strong pesticides
and sprays--needless to
say our garden growth
has been a race of weeds
taking over the “weed-
ens". Farm keepers are:
Herman Peters, foreman,
Audrey Peters, Richard
Pete, Caroline Caldwell.
They have had the sole
responsibility of plant-
ing, cherries, harvest-
ing plus working our
roadside stand for
public sales of Chawa-
thil Farm veggies. We
also stock fruits from
up country. The veget-
able farm keeps us on a
seasonal basis from
early spring to mid fall
trying to acquire farm-
ing skills taxes years
of practice and experi-
menting; our crew has
done a superior job of
keeping our promise of
that original committ-
ment development of 20
acres. This year's revy-
enue will be our stand-
up Funds for next sea-
SON
The Fish Farm crew has
remained the same: Sonny
McHalsie, Anita John,
Geno Peters, Bobby
Peters. This crew has
developed skills in
every area from land
clearing to Folms
Construction required
for concrete enzjineering
our entire water control :
Continued on pg. 9
=~
(
»Erout
/flow for the Fish pens.
They have spent Farm
technology; we continue
to improve our knowleuge
of Blology and basic
earth sciences on a day
to day basis.
As to actual process of
Fish Farming rainbow
Trout, we purchase the
fry at 2 1/2 size from a
hatchery near
Mission, it then takes
us 14 months to mature
trout to marketable size
of 10-12 oz. as we com-
plete constuction our
plan is to stock 20,000
fry every 2 months that
will keep us on strean
of processing 100,000
trout per annum. Esti-
mated one ton of fish a
week to markets..
At current we have had
the Guiding force of
WIAC being in the right
place at the right time.
Which put our Farm in
contact with Woodwards
stores marketing depart-
wentess Wwe deliver to a
dozen Woodwards stores,
restaurant trade, and
some wholesale dealers.
Our yreatest complaints
have been other tribal
groups-assessiny our
programe UBCIC brings
Foreign dignitaries form
Tanzaris~Peking Chris.
Local schools and stud-
ent groups.
Yours in Tradition,
Submitted on behalf of
Chawathil Band Council:
Ronald A. John
Rhoda Peters
Herman Peters
Chawathil board of
Directors:
Ronald A. John
bDorothy Peters
Laverna Charlie
Wilma Jack
Anita John
P.D. Peters mel
From pg. 8
INDIAN WORLD 9
EUROPEAN
REFLECTIONS
seit image is based on
different perspective on
how we see and feel
about ourselves, on how
other people react to
and treat us and on how
we believe they see and
feel about us. Lat week
we got an unexpected and
very positive refection
of our ICE to Europe,
from Marie Rose
Dufrasne, a member of
the Belzium Action
Committee in Support of
North American Indians.
While she was here in
Vancouver, Mary Rose
conceded to interviews
by the Indian Voice and
CJOR radio. Although
she had never been
interviewed by the media
before and was a little
nervous, she did the
interviews anyway,
because she hoped it
would help our Indian
wovement here.
In the interviews, Nary
Rose explained that she
cane to b.C. because whe
was so deeply impressed
by the beC. Indians who
went to Europe on the
CE; she was woved by
their courage to travel
so far to work and
organize in countries
where they dia not know
the language, customs or
systens of the yovern-
ments and people with
whom they had to commun-
icate and whom they had
to reach, somehow, with
the ICE message. She
was inspired by their
resourcefulness and
determination - "If they
wanted to contact some-
one they would pick
\ up the phone and make
10 INDIAN WORLD
the contact themselves".
She admired their indep-
endence in decision-
making, their confidence
in evaluating people and
situations which were
totally unfamiliar; they
would ask questions to
determine the sincerity
of the people and yroups
to whom they were being
referred and then they
would decide for them-
selves, whether or not
to pursue these sugges-
tions.
As a woman and a fewin-
ist, Mary Rose aduwired
the strength of the
women who lowingzly and
patiently brought child-
ren along on so diffi-
cult a mission, and her
appreciation of the
committment and serious-
ness of the ICE deepened
when she discovered the
great risks which were
taken by the families
and individuals who
travelled to Europe.
Some, she discovered,
had sold furniture for
travel expenses, some
_would lose their jobs as
a result, some left
spouses and families
behind and many though
not ‘political people'
as such, were motivated
by a definite awareness
of the constitutional
threat to their futures
as a people. “None cane
to make tourisu” she
said.
For that and for their
complete refusal to be
compromised, Mary Rose
expressed the xreat
respect for those
people.
—
The effect of the ICE on
the European peoples was
beyond measure according
to Mary Kose; their
kindness, calmness,
peacefulness and jyood
humour, inspite of the
hardships and risks, was
not lost on the European
with whom the ICE came
into contact. Their
gentleness and endur-
ance, their courtesy and
most of all their res-
pect for our elders had
a very stron, and posi-
tive impact on Europe.
There were not afraid to
share their feelings and
this was disarming to
the traditionally “in-
different” Luropean
society, according’ to
Mary Rose.
The support in Europe is
wrowing said Mary Rose,
as people become
increasingly aware of
Indians as the “victims
of peaceful coloniza-
tion". A few years apo,
she said, Europe was not
aware of the existence
of Indians or else they
had rowantic notions
about Ind ian life;
today, they are surpris-—
ed to learn of the dif-
ficult existance and
hardships endured by
Indian people in North
America. She enocuraged
more Indian people to
travel to Europe’ to
inform the people and
extend the support net-
worke
Listening to Mary kose,
I began to understand in
a far deeper way, the
meaning of the ICE as an
Indian Diplomatic Corps,
because it was not only
Continued on pg, 11
y
what our people said to
the people in Europe
that had an effect, but
the behavior of our
people which touched
Europe in a way beyond
words. Their words
established a cotmmoness
of principle, an agree-
ment of winds, but their
behavior and their exan-
ple touched the hearts
and souls of people,
somethin; that will
never be lost or broken
no watter what Trudeau
tries to peddle in
Europes
Mary Rose herself is a
marvelously warm, per-
ceptive and caring
person; she shared a
very significant exper-
dence with her Indian
guest; she had to learn
to receive. In European
society, she explained,
to receive is to lose
your freedom and inde-
pendence but in the
Indian way, to receive
establishes a very dif-
ferent kind of bond, one
based on freedom and
this, she said, she had
to learn to _ accept.
When asked of her
impression of Indian
life in Canada, she
answered, "The oppres-
sion is too big - I felt
the oppression as a
\ sister!”
Kitchen Cabinets
Hardware
Palnt
Canadians were not aware
of the Indian Situation
in their own country;
she replied that during
her B.C. visit, she had
observed "a wall between
the Indians and non-
Indians.” Later, when
she talked about the
Canadian Indian child-
ren being sold in the
UsSe and Tow Mark
replied that that was
the first he had heard
of Lt, Mary Rose
replied, “See, that is
what I mean!". Way to
make a point!
It is usually revealing,
to see yourself through
soueone else's eyes and
such was the experience
with Mary Kose. What
was reflected back from
Europe via our Indian
Ambassadors of the CE,
was the strength and
determination of proud
and dignified Indian
Nations - we can be
proud of their behavior
and how they represented
US «
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UU ENOUNOOTTA OME AT TT UNRO OTTO A ST EANOO TENOR ONAN EN TPA O READER ROAR E NATTA TAMARA ETA PU NE DEPORTED NOTE
oa
NOTE:
Mary Rose was here in
B.C. for about two weeks
at her own expense in
order to visit her
Indian friends whom she
had met last fall during
the ICE to Europe and to
collect material on the
Indian situation in
B.C. for distribution to
Indian support yroups in
Belgiun, Holland,
France, Germany and
England. While she was
here, Mary Rose attended
the UNN assembly in Port
Albernie, visited Bella
Coola, Mount Currie and
Squamish. She has
actively pursued her
interest in Indian sup-
port since '/9 and has
visited Canada and the
De Se5 "to see for
myself". She works as a
civil servant in the
belyium Court system. y
From Pde 10
=
Power Tools
Bullding Materlals
FOOD EDEDO NOTA NT ADDL DUD DONER ROO A ODOR NEOENONONOTORDOOND
INDIAN WORLD Iii
SHUSWAP NATION
DECLARATION
"OUR YOUNG PEOPLE
FROM OUR ELDERS, oe
SURE THE PAST GOES ON
FRON GENERATION _TO
GENERATION; WE WILL
CONTINUE TO LIVE AFTER
DEATH. WE EXIST AND
WILL KEEP UP, ALWAYS.”
These feelings expressed
by Chief Evelyn Sargent
of Canoe Creek summed up
the meaning and purpose
of the oShuswap Nation
Declaration which was
signed by 12 of the 17
Shuswap Bandse The gym
of the Kamloops Indian
Residence was packed the
evening of August 20 and
the declaration signing
will live on in _ the
memories of the people
who witnessed that his-
toric event, lony after
they have forgotten the
date.
The promise of the
declaration, to "Pre-
serve & Record - Perpet-
uate & Enhance our
Shuswap Language,
History & Culture" was
put into practice during
the ceremonial siyning
and even before. Not
only were TV and radio
ads for the ceremony
broadcast in the Shuswap
language but the declar-
ation document itself,
was written in Shuswap
as well as English.
Several Bands distribu-
ted zpifts in traditional
fashion and their repre-
sentatives explained the
significance of the
giveaway. Chief Robert
Manuel explained that
the people of Neskain-
lith were distributing
(gifts to express their
12 INDIAN WORLD
happiness,to maintain a
strong, bond between the
Shuswap people and to
respect the elders.
They proudly shared a
sony as well, the only
Shuswap song they knew
and the whole assembly
joined in. The silver
pieces wrapped in white
which were distributed
by Chu Chua were symbol-
ic of prosperity and
peace, explained Chief
Edna Lewise Spalumcheen
commueworated the occa-
sion with leather wall
hangings presented by
their Councillors,
Julianna Alexander and
Leonard Lezimee Another
tradtion which was
revived that evening was
the opening meworial or
"remembering. the people
who have zone before’.
This memorial, conducted
by George Manuel, set a
very respectful tone for
the ceremony which fol-
lowed, by remembering
those of thé Shuswap
Nation who suffered and
sacrificed for the
Shuswap land, religion
and Indian laws.
The feelin, that this
declaration represented
a new bezinnin, and a
fresh start was clear in
the words which were
spoken and in the cere-
mony itself. Some
Chiefs spoke of not
knowin, their Shuswap
heritazge as young peo-
ple, others stressed the
hard work which lay
ahead to fully realize
the promise of the
Shuswap Declaration and
most of the speakers
stressed the importance
of learning from the \
elders, but invariably,
each of the Band repre-
sentatives who sipned
the declaration, expres-
sed what a ypreat honor
it was for them to be a
part of so significant
an occasion in the
Shuswap history. “We
are putting back to
yether what was taken
apart” said Bob Manuel.
As our nations grow and
develop, new customs
appear and tradition
evolves in order to
remain alive. The
Shuswap Nation now has a
new custom as a result
of the declaration. A
special drum was made to
commemorate the signin,
and to symbolize the
unity of the Shuswap
nation, 17 drumsticks,
wounted on wooden plac-
ques were presented to
each of the Shuswap
Bands. Robert Simon,
Administrator of the
Shuswap Nation Tribal
Council explained that
these drumsticks should
be brought to weetings
of the Shuswap Nation
and that the holder
would be recognized as
the representative of
his or her Band. There
is no doubt that the
Shuswap Nation has re-
emerged and will contin-
ue to grow. A statement
by Chief Paul Sam (John
Martin) of Shuswap sums
this up - "You have yot
culture in you, you do
not have to go anywhere
to learn it, but you
must learn how to use
Lt" a
FIRST NATIONS
INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMACY
fatter talking to some of
the people who went on
the Indian Contitution
Express to Europe, it
became apparent that in
addition. to acting as
our ambassadors, they
were also acting as
members of our First
Nations International
Diplomatic Corps. They
brought back information
of what those foreign
places and people were
like and they brought
back an understanding of
why our elders are
cautioning us to beware
taking on non-Indian
ways indiscriminately.
The experience of Sylvia
Woods is an example.
Sylvia travelled to
Rotterdam and Amsterdam
in Holland, to Intwerp
and Flanders in Brussels
and to London; she
observed pollution to
such an extent that her
jeans were bleached by
acid rain. “It is over-
crowded there,” she
said, “and there is no
escape; at least over
here, we have our
reserves and campgrounds
to yo to, but over
there, all the land is
used; every inch is
covered by buildings or
farms or jpardens = and
that is where we are
heaginzg." She said she
was not surprised by the
the do not smile at
all." She reasoned that
the European youth must
hate school because the
schools there have bars
on the windows. "They
looked awful." she
observed, “I would not
want anyone to be in
there.”
“Before we went over, we
were prepared by the
Elders, spiritual people
and leaders and by Wayne
(Chief Wayne Christian)
and we carried protec-
tione We were told to
use our feelings.”
Sylvia explained how it
was necessary to go by
her feelings in dealin,
with the people of the
various European count-
ries as they could
easily alienate the
potential support by not
being sensitive to
European peoples' fears
and worries. "For exan-
ple,“ she explained, “in
belyium, they are situa-
ted between three power-
ful countries, Germany,
France and the Nether-
lands. They are compos-
ed of two linguistic and
cultural minorities
(Walloons and Flemmish)
and they feel very weak
and vulnerable, so they
backed away from any
Suggestions of demon-
strations ana we could
not hold biz meetings
tion only once in ‘]
while.”
The last two weeks in
Europe, Sylvia bey an
having nightwares about
War « “Every news hour
carries the threat of
nuclear war, there are
bases all over, right
next door. After a
while it could drive you
crazy. It got people
crazy because there is
no escape over there;
they have to learn to
block it out but you can
see that it wakes them
act crazy.”
Sylvia related an inci-
dent which not only
paraphrased the state of
European knowledge of
Indians but which demon-
strated the need for
increased communications
between the Indian and
European Nations.
“Mostly their attitudes
come from John Wayne
wovies." she explained,
“Especially the young
people, who would invar-
iably ask questions
about feathers and buck-
skine Carment Maracle's
beads and Indian T-shirt
aroused the interest of
a European wan who asked
"YOU INDIAN?'. When
Carmen replied affirua-
tively, his questioner
shot back 'GOOD HOBLY.'
They have Indian clubs
suoy, dirt and over- there as a result. They where they dress up and
crowding which she backed away from any play Indian, like in the
observed in Europe discussions of our prob- wovies.” Sylvia explain-
because she had expected lems with the Canadian ed.
it but the emotional Government, so we talked
distance of the people about our Indian veter- With regard to the
there alarmed her. ans not being recognizea accomplishments of the
“They do not smile, they and the problems of ICE to Europe, Sylvia
are unewotional” she Indian life and would was quick to express her
\_ remarked. "In London, mention the Constitu- feelings. “Well, we
Continued on pg. 14
INDIAN WORLD 13
broke the romantic idea
they had of Indian
people and we told them
we were definitley not
assimilated. We inform
ed them of our problems
here and how these prob-
lems are created by
government and we made
300d European contacts
who are still willing to
work for uSe” sylvia
brushed aside my com
Now it is up to us to
benefit from the exper-
ience and knowledge that
our First Nations Diplo-
mats brought back from
Europe. The ways of
Canadians are the ways
of their Luropean fore-
fathers and Canada is
developing after the
pattern set in Europe.
Europe is just a few
years ahead but Canada
J
ments about the courage
required to travel s5o0
far to foreign countries
without knowledge of the
languaye or customs. “I
would go back without
hesitation." she stated
firmly.
is catchiny up fast.
Isabelle Deom
August 25, 1982
From pg. 13
WESTERN INDIAN AGRICULTURAL CORPORATION
2ND FLOOR - 440 WEST HASTINGS
VANCOUVER, B.C.
Serving the Indian«People of B,C,
WIAC Is an Indian organization developed on the initiative of the Indian
people of B.C.
WIAC's purpose Is to provide the means whereby Indians can obtan the maximum
benefits from their agricultural resource base,
WIAC Is an agricultural extension body which assists Indian people to
understand and apply technical information,
WIAC's Activities are oriented toward:
- creating awareness among Indian farmers about thelr resource
potential;
assisting Indian farmers in the planning and development of thelr
resources;
providing Indian farmers with some of the basic technical knowledge,
in general, agriculture and farm economics;
assisting Indian people In 4-H youth development;
assisting Indian farmers In the preparation of economic feasibility
studies of major land reclamation projects.
14 INDIAN WORLD
-PUBLIC NOTICE
FROM THE
NISHNAWBE ~ASKI NATION
The concept of aboriginal rights is clear in the minds of Nishnawbe-Aski. It
means the right of an existing nation to self-determination. In order to
survive, a nation must determine its own future. This includes the right to
develop itself socially, culturally, spiritually, and politically; under its
own direction, in its own area, and in its own time frame. The issues of the
Nishnawbe-Aski are not isolated on the reserves. They address the environment
as a whole -- not just hunting, fishing, trapping, and gathering. They are
issues which deal with the use of the land and its resources. Every issue
that is relevant to the provinces involves aboriginal rights.
THE ISSUE: CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS
The Nishnawbe-Aski are not satisfied that their right to self-determination
and participation as an existing nation is recognized under the 1981 Canadian
Constitution. Basic issues which make the Canadian Charter of Rights and the
anendiny formula unacceptable are not addressed.
“Aboriginal rights” are referred to but not defined. Representation from
aboriginal people will be "invited" in the "discussions" on aboriginal rights
during the first Constitutional Conference with the Prime Minister ana the
first ministers of the provinces. But that is not enough: There is no
guarantee that elected Indian leaders will be allowed to participate in
anything more than an advisory capacity on issues which seriously affect the)
lives of the people they represent.
The Nishnawbe-Aski want to determine their own future as a distinct part of
Canadian society, yet there is no assurance that the Indian Nations will be
given equal status with the provinces in the new Confederation. The Canadian
Consitution does not recognize their nationhood.
Ra trenchment of aboriginal rights, as defined by the original peoples, is at
the core of all Indian issues. As a nation of aboriginal peoples, the
Nishnawbe-Aski have a responsiblity to the people and the land. They claim a
right to be consulted on the basis of existiny nations as defined by the U.N.
For the Poeple and the Land, aboriginal rights are not negotiable.
NISHNAWBE~ASKI
THE PEOPLE AND THE LAND)
represented by Grand Council Treaty Nine
71 THIRD AVE., Timmins, Ont.
FAN 1C2 (705) 267-2911
INDIAN WORLD siy
( FIRST NATIONS OF SOUTH ISLAND TRIBAL COUNCIL
P.O. Box 62
MILL BAY, B.C, VOR 20
This will officially notify you that at the South Island Olstrict Council!
Meeting of June 1982, there was 8 motion made by Chief Wilson Bob and
seconded by Chief Malden Harry that the South Island District Council be now
known as FIRST NATIONS OF SOUTH ISLAND TRIBAL COUNCIL, The motion was
carried.
The mailing address remains: Hox 62
Millbay, B.C. VOR 2P0
The location of the office: Malahat Reserve
The new telephone number: 743 = 3228
The office hours: Mon - Fri: 8:30 a.m, to 12 noon
1:00 p.m. to 4:30 p.m.
At the present time, the Thomas Sampson =- Chalrperson
staff consists of : Gus Underwood - Economic Development
Advisor
Loulse Underwood = Indian Government Advisor
Roy Dantels =- Construction Supervisor
Janie Thorne - Secretary
Normon Joe - Policy Development
Research
Vancouver, B.C.
AUCTION
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A fantastic selection of fine
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North AmericanIndian
Stone & wood. shell. bone & ivory.
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preview ()¢ , | 2rd AETERNOON
SUNDAY @ I: to 5:
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Oct.4th 5th 6th
Info. & mailing list:
449 Hamilton Street
PAPPAS TRADERS
(604) 681-6391
OP HIETOR Tr. PAPPAS LI] we aostan
\ CONSK MENTS CONSIDERED }
16 INDIAN WORLD
EDITORIAL
You no doubt have read
the articles in this
issue about Roger Adolph
going to jail for ex-
pressing his right to
fish. I cannot help but
continue to express my
feelings for this fish-
ing war that continues
one There is no doubt
in my mind that the Fed-
eral Government agents,
assigned to continue
harrassment, through
peek-a-boo surveillance
and stopping Indian
People as they travel in
a so called free society
are our enemies. Il am
surprised that the
government agents do not
have a concrete wall for
Indian People to pass
through and be checked.
Perhaps Federal fisher-
ies are having difficul-
ty developing a present
invisible boundary that
does exist into a more
visible one.
If you are not aware of
fisheries policy, it
consists of stopping any
Indian person travelling
out of a fishing bound-
ary and checking for any
illegal fish on their
vehicle or person. Of
course this involves
some very crude looking
Federal agents of the
now present dominate
immigrant society domin-
ating our Indian people.
Through the teaching of
their ancestors have no
respect for our Indian
People, our culture, or
our Indian Laws. Let
alone any respect for
treaties signed or words
of promises, they are
still riding in true
blue form as liars and
thieves who yet come
with smiles and promises
of new and_- greater
deals. My heart, mind,
spirit stand with Roger
Adolph and the many
Indian people who yet
fight the government
requesting recognition
of our aboriginal
rights, and the right to
self-determination
through our Indian
Governments.
Herman Thomas
KORTE DEA AOLEA AOA N TROON ARON ONO RD ANCL ATTEN TTT ANT A ATLANTA T ROE T ROOT NTR NENT ENON ATCO RANE R RCH T AHA N OTRO NN RORNORE OCOD ED
General Assembly
Oct. 26, 27, 28 ©
Williams Lake-Cariboo Tribal Council
St Joesph’s Mission School
DODUREET ARC OEMA MOOTED DR RODE DPE NT OORR TRAD ORT GROR ATRL LAA RDN CRANE OUT LEA ARON NADA LERMAN TROORO NOONAN OA NNORORDO NRO TNR DOE RORE 1=
Second Class
Mail Registration
Number 4983, Vancouver B.C.
Union of B.C. Indlan Chiefs
440 West Hastings,
Vancouver, B.C. V6B 1L1
Part of Indian World (October 1982)