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Nesika: The Voice of B.C. Indians -- Vol. 2 No. 6 (June 1973)
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Nesika: The Voice of B.C. Indians -- Vol. 2 No. 6 (June 1973)
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1.06-01.02 Nesika: The Voice of BC Indians
1.06.-01 Newsletters and bulletins sub-series
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June 1973
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G McKevitt
Kristina Recalma
Audrey Dudoward
Charlie Thompson
Roger Adolph
Margaret Woods
Rita Joe
Debbie Fortier
Lelan Shaffer
Louie Mir
Charlene LaFortune
Phyllis L Hanna
Burt George
Susan Saigal
John Schrieber
Lia McGookin
Cindy Wilson
Perlas Sabino
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(Chinook meaning “US”) THE VOICE OF B.C. INDIANS POSTAGE PAID IN VANCOUVER” — 2nd CLASS MAIL REG. No. 3025 ED is Vol. 2, No. 6. COUNCIL VOTES TO TAKE SECOND LOOK June, 1973 -Coqualeetza still unsettled VANCOUVER (Staff) The Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs’ much talked about move to the Coqualeetza Complex near Chilliwack will not be made after all, at least not in the near future. At a special meeting of the Chiefs’:Council, June 15 and 16, it was decided not to move the Union offices to Coqualeetza, but to relocate’ as soon as possible in Vancouver since the ie peesent ot of- Band says pay or be sued MASSET — The Haidas under Chief Bruce Brown -have threatened to sue the federal government, and given the Department of Transport till the end of July to pay for a drawbridge that was never built. The building of the bridge is part | of an agreement in 1912 allowing the transport department to install ' two range lights for navigation on reserve property at: the head : of Masset Inlet, according ‘to Chief Brown. At a press conference in Van- _ couver Jate June, Brown said that if the money, “$170, 000, is not paid in. 60. days from the end of May, the - Band will tear down the lights and sue the government for breach: of _ contract. The chief said the amount ‘claimed is not an unrealistic sum because breaking PRONTIEES is a serious. business. The figure was reached on the basis. of the principle. of broken ~-contract and on the present needs of the Band members. Brown said Affairs failed to protect the Band’s interests in the contract, -and the 800 members of the Band need extra land for housing. A representative of the transport department, Hugh Ashworth of Prince. Rupert, reportedly said that the ministry agreed it had not’ kept its end. of the contract and offered to’ increase its annual payment of $100 to $250, retroactive to 1912. —- Chief Brown said the offer was rejected by his Band. ~The 1912 agreement was made because the Band wanted a drawbridge across the tidal slough that would allow access to the graveyard and also allow Indian fishermen to moor their boats in . the slough, said Brown. The agreement also called for work to’ be one‘on the graveyard itself. The work was. completed. But the bridge itself was forgotten and. only recently discovered, according to the chief. Brown said the Band itself built a portable bridge, and in the 1950’s built a permanent bridge. The navigational lights were installed by the transport depart- ment for use by logging boats and supply ships: entering the inlet at night. Should they have to tear the - lights down, the Band plans to provide experienced local pilots for afee. .. The amount demanded by. the - Band: also happens to be equal. to ~ . the: amount it needed to purchase 1,000 acres of. -American-owned land bordering the reserve. - The Band had first approached the Indian Affairs department for . [Continued on Page 2] See BAND fices at 2140 West. 12th Avenue are overcrowded. Although Ottawa approval to utilize. the 58-acre site had. been given the Union two weeks before the council meeting, it may be ‘some time before it is known what exactly will be operated out of the former Students residence and tuberculosis hospital. A Union bried presented to the federal government in March proposed that the complex be used for three operations Union headquarters, a training centre for all bands in B.C., and a centre from which the 28 Stalo bands in the Fraser Valley could work out of. APPROVAL IN PRINCIPLE That brief, which hurriedly drawn up with the aid of a special planning committee by consultant Bill - Horswill to meet a short deadline imposed by the National Health and Welfare Department (title-holders at the time), had received approval in principle from the Chiefs’ Council prior to being sent to Ottawa. However, since then several members of council have had second thoughts about the original proposal. George Watts, member for the West Coast district on Vancouver Island; summed up Council’s feeling by saying that the Union is not ready to make such a INDIAN GRADUATES iron ¥ various alaiwiew mibintand schools and courses enjoyed a weekend ‘of feasting and good times in June. Graduates from high school, up-grading. courses as well as from vocational, Pee technical and university courses are shown above at- a dinner held in their honour at the Vancouver Indian Centre on Saturday, June 7. The previous. night, Squamish band held a banquet in their honour. big step and might find itself in big [Staff photo] Negotiations over cannery being held with government PORT SIMPSON — Amid a charge of interference by’ the. United Fishermen’s and = Allied. Workers Union, a. member of the North Coast: District. Council has revealed that’ negotiations. are being held with the provincial government over the fish- processing plant. 2 According to Stan Thomas; only non-Indian member of the council and its advisor and consultant, ina meeting with .NCDC_ represen- tatives- last -March. Premier Barrett offered a. $3-million grant for the project. . Since then the government has made a ‘proposal with provisions that. the NCDC. and. the. Pacific North Coast Native Co-Operative -find unacceptable, said. Thomas. ‘We completely. believe that the ‘premier was completely sincere when he offered the $3-million grant, and feel he meant. what he stated when he said that ‘the In- dian must be given the right to do -his own thing in his own. way - _ without parental control from the government or any individual;’ ” the council’s consultant said. Thomas: also expressed hope “that the government sees fit to carry on negotiations with the council and board of directors of the co-operative so :the building of this seafood processing plant can start immediately without any -further costs being. added to the - burden of the Indian people.” FOUR YEARS WORK The co-operative had been working for four years to set up the plant in Port Simpson, Thomas recalled. Thomas reportedly expressed “shock,” therefore, over alleged statements by the UFAWU president, Homer Stevens, that he (Stevens) had been offered the top position in the native co-operative, and that the co-operative should own 75% of the. boats.” Thomas. said that Stevens, in effect, was saying that before anyone can fish’ for the ~~ co- operative the fisherman must sell 75% of his boat to: the co-operative contrary to UFAWU policy. As to Stevens’ claim that he had. been offered to head the co-op, Thomas’ questioned . the offer saying it was not made by’ the members or by the board of directors. of the co-op. “It is-hard for us to believe that, while negotiations are still pending between the Pacific North. Coast Native Co-Operative and the government, the UFAWU, through their president, should be in- terfering ‘and making releases about this project. “We do-appreciate this support, if it is support and not.a take-over of the project by the UFAWU,” Thomas said. NDP WERE CRITICAL The government’s offer. follows criticisms last year by the NDP of the $1-million grant announced by the Socred government. Barrett had termed the grant a political move to save William Murray’s seat but did not oppose the project. During the election’ campaign Murray said that $75,000 from the . First Citizens Fund had been spent and ° on the feasibility - studies, explained that out ofa .six-million- pound fish input the project would realize profits of $30,000-and up ‘annually on. top of interest payments of $2.6 million. Besides the cannery the project would include processing, smoking, and curing facilities. trouble in the future by biting off more than it can chew. Instead, council members voted to appoint an interim board of five members to determine which programs and courses should be moved to Coqualeetza im- mediately, and to consult with all 15 districts as to future develop- ment of the property. The five- member board will also be responsible for making suggestions to council about a permanent board of directors. The interim board, which was to have been appointed within two -weeks of the council meeting, is to report . its findings and deliberations back to the Chiefs’ Council. PROVINCIAL REPRESEN- TATION In order to ensure provincial representation on the interim board, it was decided that each of the five members be chosen by three district. In other words, the North Coast, Terrace and Bella © Coola districts were to have picked -a representative, while a member (Continued on Page 2] ~ See COUNCIL. - Native woman for Vancouver Police Commission VANCOUVER: (Staff). —- Mar- jorie Cantryn, executive director of the Vancouver Indian Centre, was named by B.C. Attorney- General. Alex MacDonald one . of the three new commissioners for the Vancouver city police force. Ms. Cantryn, also the president of the provincial association of friendship centres, will serve for a one year term. The commission is responsible for determining policy, budgeting, and investigating internal problems of the Vancouver police ' force. Ms. Cantryn said that she was surprised to hear that she was appointed although she knew that: her name had been put forward as »-a possible candidate. ‘But’, she said, “I didn’t really expect to be chosen.” “There were many names suggested and only three positions on the commission open,’ she explained. A former member of the Ohiaht band in Bamfield, Ms. Cantryn added that she was looking for- ward to meeting with the rest of the commissioners to find out “where I can be most useful.” When making the announce- ment, MacDonald called Ms. Cantryn, the first native Indian ‘to serve on the Vancouver police commission, ‘a very distinguished woman who has performed im- portant social and community work.” Trained as a practical nurse, the executive director of the Van- ecouver Indian centre has also worked as a courtworker and. counsellor. . Vancouver Alderman Fritz ‘Bowers, a UBC professor of electrical. engineering, and Bob -Burrows; a United Church minister and president of the United Community Services were also appointed by the attorney-general to serve on the seven-member police commission. Page Two | NES 1 K A ~ June, 1973 : | SPECIAL CHIEFS COUNCIL MEETING Land claims, revision of Indian Act discussed by council members VANCOUVER (Staff( — The director, Bill Mussell, to act im- Sciences and Health (SIWASH) to archives, church archives, ROSE CHARLIE, a Chehalis Band member was recently re-elected president of the B.C. Homemakers, She has held the office ever since the _Homemakers became a provincial organization in 1968. (Staff photo] Rock carvings unique Indian rock carvings in B.C. resemble certain types.found near the Amur River in Far Eastern Siberia as well as some in the South Pacific. For example, faces surrounded by sunbursts are strikingly similar to Siberian carvings. Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs Council ° approved a proposal for research on land claims, treaty and native rights at its special meeting on June 15-16. " The union has been given a ‘grant of $30,000 from Ottawa to carry out research. It is expected that the difference from the initial $34,651 budget, presented by the research proposal for a three-month period, will be made up from other sources, i.e. core funds. In approving the research proposal the council has set up a means by which the union will “dnsure that native rights are no longer ignored, altered, or eroded.” The council also asked the executive committee: to set. up a meeting of council members and alternates to deal specifically with the Indian Act. In response. to a request for support by the Native Court- workers Association of B.C., coundil asked the union’s executive mediately on getting the proper authorities to start the new courtworkers program. Council directed that the new program deal with the need of northern B.C. first. COURTWORKERS The courtworkers association, through Wilbur Campbell, executive vice-president, asked the union to support his request for $5,000 for a courtworker urgently needed in the northern interior area. Campbell had written the union that the fund request would get more favourable consideration if it. had the support of the union-as well. as.of the association of non-status Indians. For the coming fifth annual Chiefs Conference, council asked the executive committee to appoint a co-ordinator. : On order of the council the ‘union: later asked the ‘Society. In- corporated for the Welfare. of Arts, ’, The proposal, change its name. At its special meeting the council members had expressed concern. over ths society’s initials which is a term: derogatory to Indian people. NOT OFFENSIVE The society’s president, Terrence Buckley, replied that his organization does not consider the term offensive, and that its board had no intent to insult. Indian people by its choice of name, But Buckley said the society Will decide whether or not to consider the union’s request. presented iby UBCIC Land Claims Director Philip-Paul, describes the research ‘program to be set up as follows: “The core activity. . . is) to collect materials necessary for : understanding and documenting native rights.in British Columbia: Copies of documents and. other materials. now Scattered.in public Council worried Coqualeetza would t (Continued from Page 1 was to have been selected to act for the Babine, Lakes and Ft. St. John ‘districts. : Other district groupings: Kwawkawth, West Coast of Vancouver Island and South Island; Fraser West, Fraser East and Lytton-Lillooet; and Williams Lake, Thompson River and Okanagan-Kootenay. Although:they realized that time was the limiting factor in getting: the original proposal put together, some of the council members felt that they were not kept fully in- formed of developments and were not offered any role in writing the brief. To this Horswill said that the Chiefs’ Council neither gave him any direction nor requested any from him. Other members of council were of the opinion that the centre might perhaps be better suited for use as a.centre just for the Fraser districts since it is so far removed from the other districts. SERVICES ON LOCAL BASIS _ Adam Eneas, member of council for Okanagan-Kootenay, said. his district did not want to see a bunch’ of services and educational programs operated on a provincial basis since many of the bands he represents wish to undertake these themselves. "The original proposal suggested that as part of a multi-purpose training centre for bands in B.C. a cultural education centre could be instituted and this idea prompted a lot of discussion during the council meeting. There were thése members who expressed fear this would lead to people being taught only the Stalo culture rather than their own, such as Bella Coola, Haida, Kwakiutl, ete. However, Horswill assured the‘ council this would not be the case, explaining that if such a training centre became.a reality it would merely be a resource base from which all of the various cultures could draw upon. for research, technical .and: teaching skills; but not for cultural course content... Horswill also said: that the’ suggestions: contained in the proposal did not come. fromi staff members of the Union but: from’ band.members forming a ‘survey team, who carried out a study within the short time given. He said the survey team attempted to cover the province as extensively as possible and then sat down to suggest the best possible uses of| Coqualeetza based on their fin- dings. COMMITTEE MENDATIONS The survey team members, RECOM- ‘together with 20 other band representatives comprising a Coqualeetza Planning Committee, assessed the findings of the survey and submitted recommendations to Horswill to incorporate into the ‘final draft of the Coqualeetza proposal. Their findings, indicated the need: for a central facility to offer training in band. management, office ad- ministration, leadership, com- munity development, © basic research and cultural. education methods. Indian studies curriculum development for schools and cultural orientation courses for police and_ social workers were also strongly recommended by the survey team and the planning committee members. Chief Bob Hall of the Skulkayn Band, one of the Stalo leaders who has been -actively involved in trying to get Coqualeetza for native Band wants money to buy land [Continued from Page 1] mortgage money, but the request was rejected by Minister Jean Chretien. A few days before their option to buy was. to expire, the Band Council went to Victoria to present a brief to the provincial govern- ment for the grant of the amount from the First Citizens Fund. The government refused to use _ the First Citizens Fund to buy the land. “Provincial Secretary Ernest Hail said it was purely a federal func- tion to provide enough land for reserve Indians; but the provincial government is considering buying the land itself for use as a land bank. Later_in May, Hall announced that the B.C. government had bought the land, and that it is working to get the federal government to share its cost. The Band Council estimated that they had spent about $2,300 for the three-day trip to Victoria; some members of the delegation had to pay others to take over their jobs, or risk being fired. Horswill said, Indian people, was granted per- mission to speak to council, and he was mildly critical of the Union’ 8 decision-making body.° Chief Hall, one of B.C.’s youngest : Indian leaders, told the council members they would ‘be letting their people down by not making a decision to utilize .Coqualéetza * immediately, by implementing the programs outlined in the brief. ‘He said the question of what to do. with: Coqualéetza had been’ in the’ « Union’s hands for two years and ‘it appeared as though council was still not Brepared to make «a- decision. ONE MEMBER SUPPORTED: BRIEF Chief Harry Dickie of Fort Nelson; member for the Fort ‘St. John district, appeared ‘to be the only councilman :present: at the meeting who was prepared -to go along with the original brief. ‘We (members. of council) have already approved the brief in principle but now we are trying to pick holes in it,” he said. Although the Union has been represented on the Coqualeetza advisory board for the past few A PICTURE of the crowd attending the opening ceremonies of the Tsartlip longhouse. Seated directly in the middle are George Wilsoa, Director of Indian education for B.C. and Frank Calder, Minister too. centralized years, it was only since early. this year that it sought to gain: full “control. of the historical site. This, came. about | when it was jearned that the Department of Health and Welfare was. about to turn. the property over to: Crown Assets for disposal, and in.that way allow the Department of National Defence to. take Coqualeetza over ‘as an extension of the armed forces base in: Chilliwack. Bill Mussel, executive’ director : of the’ Union, ‘protested: to: Marc’ Lalonde,: health and ‘welfare minister, who then gave the Union less than two months to prepare and submit its brief. Meanwhile, rumours .are still circulating that an_ attempt will be ‘made to acquire Coqualeetza as a ‘regional vocational college for the. Fraser Valley. The most recent of such rumours — and one which was brought to council’s attention during the meeting — is that 43 of the 58 acres will be sought for the college. Indications are that the Fraser East District will ask for a special meeting of the Chiefs Council to ask the council to reconsider its decision. Without Portfolio. Mr. Calder pale i to the people attending, saying that being present brought back memories of the short time he lived in a smokehouse when he was young. libraries, offices, and in native’ communities .. . will be collected in the resource center. “These materials will be organized and analyzed and the results will be made available to the B.C. Indian community and to those responsible for guarding native rights.” RESULTS During research and analysis, results .will be organized and developed into three related uses: 1. Gathering and sending in- formation in usuable form to native communities, i.e. translation’ from technical to plain language, audio- visual aids, others. 2, Developing materials and in- ‘formation for use in legal and political negotiations. with ' government. Informing the general public. ~The proposal sees the need to lessen ignorance and misin- formation which are chief ob- stacles to. a just. resolution of native rights issues. The. research program planned on a five-year basis in! three stages: a three-month development phase, for which the initial $34,651 is set in the proposal, a five-month action phase; the phase of full operation during the rest of the five-year period. COMPLEX ISSUES According to the proposal, a period less than five years is not enough for dealing with = the complexity of the problems’ and issues and. the greatness of the work to be done.” ” yw On the basis ‘of a’ ‘reasonable ~ success of the research program, it is hoped that “‘there will be enough trained. people and enough knowledge held in reserves .. : to allow people to defend their rights with some hope of success” after the five-year period. - The proposal also expected that “many major decisions affecting native rights will be made within the next five years.” ' The importance of having a. program ready to respond at once to government plans is em- phasized: “It is not enough to have collected a_certain amount of in- formation. There must be ‘a con- © tinuing ‘program to defend native interests in B.C.” [G. McKevitt photo] is’ The Official Monthly Publication of the Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs 2140 West 12th Ave., Vancouver 9, B.C. Telephone — 736-6751 - those of the inion, The official voice of the Union of B.C. Indian _ Chiefs, this publication is intended for the use and pleasure of all native people in this province. While the Union encourages all - contributions such as reports, _ (letters to the Editor), poetry, etc., we reserve --\f the right to edit all contributions, Letters tothe Editor must bear signature of the writer, and viewpoints expressed therein ; are not mecemsnily viewpoints _ FREE To ALL REGISTERED B.C. NATIVE INDIANS OTHERS $5.00 PER YEAR Correspondents: STAFF: Lou Demerais — Editor Perlas Sabino, Cindy Wilson — Reporters G. McKevitt, Brentwood Bay, Tel. 652-3148; Margaret Woods, Terrace; Edgar Charlie,: Ahousat; Phyllis Hanna, Port Alberni; N. C. Derriksan, Westbank; Arnold Earl, Roberta Sam, Lytton. EDITORIAL Chiefs as DIA employees? Some months ago, it was announced that Saskatchewan's 67 band chiefs were to begin receiving a regular salary of $10,000 per year for work done on behalf of their people. According to the May issue of The Saskatchewan Indian, the Department of Indian Affairs has set aside $680,000 from which salaries and expenses for the chiefs will be drawn. The story, which was obviouslly played down (it appeared on page. 13 of the monthly newspaper), went on to say that the salaries were merely, being up-dated from the annual sum of $25 each chief had been receiving under terms of the treaty, signed way back when. To be sure; that’s some up-date, but the astounding part of the matter, and one which appears to have been completely overlooked, is that with their acceptance of the salaries the chiefs.can now, in effect, be viewed as Department of Indian Affairs personnel. Although it may not seem fair or appropriate to comment on a situation in another province, when there is more than enough here to keep our minds occupied, the thought of such a thing possibly happening in B.C. is certainly worthy of discussion. In the casecf the Saskatchewan chiefs maybe all 67 of them were able ‘to justify the salaries as being something committed in an old treaty. We can’t see how, but perhaps they were. Heaven help the Indian people in this province the day our chiefs . decide its time that they began to receive their like dues. Although many of the 192 B.C. chiefs are concerned enough about their people to do more than $10,000 worth of work each year, we see no point at all in guaran- teeing one person an annual income when many of the people who put him there in the first place can not guarantee that the family food budget will be adequate. ‘The idea that sucha salary scheme would provide an incentive for all band members to take a more active interest in band politics should not even be.advanced in the first place, much less considered. Being chief, or trying to get elected chief of a band, for $10,000 per year is the wrong reason. And, make no mistake, if such a scheme were implemented in B.C. there would be those in the running for no other reason that the carrot dangling at the other end. While we wonder how the everyday, ordinary band member is taking the situation in Saskatchewan, we also wonder why, in a province where native Indian people are no better off than their sisters and brothers in the rest of Canada, $680,000 isn’t being put to better use. Indeed, according to the story in the Federation of Saskatchewan. Indians’ newspaper, the money for the chiefs’ salaries and expenses will come from a fund normally used for additional work on reserve roads, water and sewage services, as well as educational programs. Quite clearly, the Department of Indian Affairs is robbing Peter to pay Paul in Saskatchewan, and any hint of that happening here in B.C. must be rejected. sppaccansedaanacereanas - THE NATIVE VOICE Official Organ. of Native Bro- therhood of B.C.— Canada’s Senior Indian Organization _ and R.A.V.E.N. Society of B-C. — B.C. Indian Communications 517 Ford Building, 193 East Hastings St., __ Vancouver 4, B.C. =“ June 1, 1973 | Editor, Nesika Editor: ‘I was very disappointed to note that on page 7 of the April issue of ‘Nesika’.a picture of the Native Brotherhood of British Columbia Executive is referred to as that of the leaders of the Allied Tribes. This mistake should never have We thank Ms. Dudoward and Ms. Recalma. for. noting the mistakes mentioned. We had been, in fact, already advised of some mistakes. A correction notice was made in the May issue of Nesika. a We have been. further advised, again by Mr. Percy Gladstone who read the correction, that Johnson Rusk is Johnson RUSS and that person identified. as Ernie Dud- ward is CHARLES DUDOWARD. We appreciate Ms. Dudoward’s giving .us. additional information about her father and Mr. Sinclair. We're afraid, however, that a non-member of the Native Brotherhood can.and did neglect to take note of the buttons. The staff member who did the caption and. the connecting story .on the late Chief William Pascal humbly . 1 apologizes. It was. the epaeen: rarity and ‘historical importance of. the photograph which made us decide‘ to publish it in full instead of just picking out the late Chief William Pascal. Again, in. view of. historical importance, we thought we should publish more details about the Allied Tribes and the NBBC. From the account of .Philip Drucker (The Native Broth- erhoods: Modern _ Intertribal Organizations on the Northwest Coast, Bulletin 168, Bureau of ae ~ LETTERS TO THE EDITOR © ae - Readers put us straight on ‘pictures . been made since the. Native Brotherhood of British Columbia buttons are in full.view in ‘the photo. Yours truly, Kristina Recalma, Editor He oR oe Port Simpson, B.C.. June 5, 1973 In your April 1973 issue you hada picture of the Native Brotherhood chiefs and members. The man with the glasses isn’t Ernie Dudoward but Chief Charles Dudoward. Chief Dudoward passed away on March 3, 1973, the last of the hereditary chiefs of the Dudoward Nesika answers American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institute, 1958, pp. 95-102, 105-116), we gather that the NBBC took over after a few years when the Allied Tribes organization collapsed. The Allied Tribes was organized in February, 1915, by some Interior Salish groups who met at Spence’s Bridge. The aim was to support the Nishga Petition. Later, Indians of the southern coast joined the AT conference in Vancouver. Andrew Paull (Squamish)- and Peter Kelly (Haida) travelled to coastal villages from Aiyansh, to Kispiox, to Musqueam. In 1916, there were reportedly. 16 tribes represented and though some were not really members, they agreed to work together. In 1922, the organization became a “loosely knit”. but. larger group that’ included. the Haida, Tsim- shian,. Bella Coola, southern Kwakiutl (Ft. Rupert, Alert Bay, Kingcombe Inlet, Cape Mudge, Campbell. River), Coast Salish groups and interior groups (Lillooet, Okanagan, - Nicola Valley, Penticton, etc.). But, after the 1927 parliamentary joint committee made its report on Indian people’s: grievances which | rendered ‘‘the land issue... dead as the proverbial doornail,”’ the organization “fell apart.” The Nishga went on to support their Land Committee which = clan. He is survived by his wife, Louise; two .daughters, Audrey Dudoward and Betty Sampson; two sons, James and Russell; Seven grandchildren; and three great grandchildren. Chief We-Shakes (Charles Dudoward) was well known for his totem poles and his paintings. His totem poles and oil paintings are found in all corners of the world. The unidentified man in your April issue photo is Harold Sinclair of Kitwanga who passed away a few years back in the summer of - 1967. Just wanted to let you know who the unidentified man was an the mistaken identity of Mr. Dudoward. - Thank you, Audrey Dudoward continued to establish their claims. The Native Brotherhood of B.C. was formed in December, 1931, by representatives from Hartley Bay, Kitkatla, Port Essington, Metlakatla, Masset, and Port Simpson. The man who started the idea was Alfred Williams of Masset. In 1945, the brotherhood was incorporated under the Societies Act. At that time, Peter Kelly served as chairman of the legislative committee, and Andrew Paull was the business agent in Vancouver. Paull left ‘later and was replaced by Guy Williams. The latter was succeeded by. Ed Nahanee of North Vancouver. Not all human beings are above making mistakes, and so-we accept the possibility that Mr. Drucker - could have made some mistakes; or that his sources. could have made some mistakes. We won't be disappointed, therefore, if someone can point out an error in the above account. Nor should anyone be disap- pointed to find, to accept, and to ' correct errors. Ifa person is'perfect, fine; if not, courage. It is our wish to strive for perfection, and so we promise to look out for buttons. Yours truly, Editor, Nesika Derricksan’s editorial receives more support Nitinaht Band Council Box 340 Port Alberni, B.C. 22 June, 1973 Editor, Nesika Dear Editor: RE: Chief Noll Derricksan’s remarks concerning the Special General Assembly. held ‘in Pen- ticton. Thave to agree with him 100% in - the way the whole conference took its form. The way I see it is that some or, shall I say, most of the bands’ in the province. should be taking a closer look at who they will be electing as their chief and councillors. Some of the chiefs are not. doing their homework. I have been to two Chiefs Conferences and I have yet to see most of the chiefs stand up” and say what their people want. Every time an important topic comes up at a conference, the chiefs always say ‘‘We have to bring it back and ask the Grass roots people.” Ridiculous. If people do a little homework this would not happen. Now this does not mean that you do your homework two weeks prior to a conference but contact with your people must be on a continuous basis. Then you will know what your people want. Also here I have to say that every chairman I have seen has not been a very strong one. The chairman does not seem to have control over the assembly, especially at the Penticton Conference. Let’s get someone who can do a good job at the chair. Yours truly Charlie Thompson Band Manager, Nitinaht Band EDITORIAL REPRINT Indian control of Indian education system is ‘racist’ (EDITOR’S NOTE: The | following editorial appeared in the Whitehorse Star on May 28 of this year. Although we have now been given assurances by Indian Affairs minister Jean Chretien that Indian control of Indian education is to become a reality — after many years of fighting for such com- trol — it is quite obvious from the editorial that there are still some people who won’t accept the fact that the educational methods used _ to date for native Indian children just haven’t worked, and it’s high time to try other approaches. ) The announcement of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Minister Jean Chretien last week that control of Indian education across Canada will be handed over to Indian organizations was quite presumptuous. It certainly must have raised the eyebrows of school officials across Canada who apparantly got the news from the media — without having been consulted. That in itself is cause for serious doubts about Mr. Chretien’s methods of policy decisions. But the result of such a move — which we suspect will be a big step toward segregation of Indian and other Canadian students — will be to define education along racist ones. Despite consistent claims from Indian spokesmen that Indians would do better if they were taught by other Indians in their own language, we have serious reservations about the outcome of such a complete reversal of the present trend of bringing Indians into the Canadian mosaic by socialization through the school system. Again despite assurances by Indian spokesmen that Indian students’ potential progress is retarded by a whiteman run school system, we beg to differ. The past few years have seen a marked improvement in Indian achievement that has paralleled a more sympathetic treadmient by school authorities and teachers. Retreatism to a noncompetitive and nonutilitarian value base for education is a negation of the reality of 20th century life. Mr. Chretien would be well advised to offer a full explanation of his decision. After all, the systematic fragmentation of Canadian society involves much more than the appeasement of a vocal lobby. Page Four June, 1973 PANELISTS on the second day of the B.C. Homemakers Conference included, from left to right, Jenny Margrets, a member of the national steering committee for forming a national native women’s. association, Jeanette Lavelle, who won a court ap-. 1 cane peal in Ontario allowing her to retain her Indian status in spite of her marriage to a non-Indian, and Jean Goodwill, who is in charge of funding native women’s groups under the Citizenship Branch of the federal Secretary of State. [Staff photo]. Native Womens’ Rights dominate Homemakers annual conference VANCOUVER (Staff) — Con- cern over native women’s rights and doubts that the recognized Indian organizations are adequately representing the Indian people were much in evidence at the 10th annual B.C. Indian Homemakers conference held at UBC recently. The three-day meeting heard speakers from many different organizations including the department of Indian Affairs, Secretary of State’s department, the provincial Human Resources department, BCANSI, Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs, National Indian Brotherhood, Vancouver Indian Centre and many more. Some 80 delegates and observers made the point many times in questioning the speakers that Indian women are not adequately consulted or even. informed of developments affecting Indian people from the band level on up to the provincial and national Indian organizations. The two provincial organ- izations, B:C. Association of Non-Status Indians and the Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs, were referred to ‘as “men’s ‘organizations’’ ‘and delegates voted to meet with representatives - of the other two. provincial women’s groups with the view to getting a unified voice of both status and non-status Indian women of B.C. : Focus of the women’s concern was on the rewriting of the Indian Act and on the pending decision on the Jeanette Lavelle case in the Supreme Court of Canada. One delegate, during the first day’s discussions questioned the appointment of Harold Cardinal as . co-ordinator of the committee to rewrite the Indian Act. CARDINAL BIASED Cardinal, president of the Alberta Indian Association, has stated publicly that Indian women who had married non-Indian men would never be allowed back on INdian reserves in Alberta. ‘Ts this the man who is to write the laws that affect all of us,” she asked. ‘‘What about the opinions of us, the Indian women?” And, the delegates present at the meeting passed a resolution in support of Jeanette Lavelle’s legal battle to maintain her Indian status despite her marriage to a non-Indian. Ms. Lavelle told the assembled women that she would like to see a stronger Indian Act, an Indian Act’ that “would protect all’’ and added that ‘“‘we as women have the right to participate in any changes.”’ POOR COMMUNICATIONS While many delegates were concerned with such national issues as the changes of the Indian Act, still others were concerned that they were not being kept in- formed of developments at the band level and complained of the lack of communication between the council and band members, and between the Union and band members. Representatives from the Union, Department of Indian Affairs, and provincial welfare department (now called Human Resources) were pelted with questions con- cerning housing, band and district administration, education and sanitation. Several told of times they had appealed for help or information from their band administration or local government agencies such as the Human Resources or. DIA office and were brushed aside: Delegates to the conference, held from May 30 to June 1, also discussed the production of arts and crafts and Kli-Sli Handicraft Store in the Royal Centre Mall in downtown Vancouver. Kli-Sli was just recently opened and is operated by the B.C: Indian Homemakers Club. ‘The Conference ended with a banquet on the final night. Marie Marule, executive director of the National Indian Brotherhood was guest speaker at the banquet. Outreach hopes to reach native VANCOUVER (Staff) Having problems getting a job? And ¢an’t seem to get anywhere with the Canada Manpower office? Outreach, a program sponsored by Canada Manpower and the B.C. Association of Non-Status Indians may be able to help you. This program, according to Ernie Webster, a counsellor with the program, has been set up to act as a liaison between the Canada ‘Manpower office and the native people. Its purpose, Webster said, is to tell Indian people how to prepare themselves for interviews at Manpower and’. how. to better |. present themselves’ at job -in- terviews. “We hope that Indian people will be able to express themselves . more freely when talking to us,” he said. There are presently six coun- sellors working throughout B.C. and these counsellors will be able to help native people decide on- training programs and how to get into them, prepare themselves for Manpower and job interviews, and prepare applications and resumes of work experience. Each of the counsellors will have information on various training and up-grading programs as well as sometimes being able to refer people directly to employers. At present there are counsellors in Dawson Creek, Prince George, Campbell River, Vancouver, Terrace and in Kamloops: And, these counsellors will be working closely with the native. information centres in these towns. If. the program ‘is successful, and Manpower and 7 unemployed more counsellors will be hired, Webster added. The program will be evaluated after six months by both BCANSI if both organizations are satisfied with the . way the program is working, ~then it will operate.as a three-yéar. program, the counsellor said. Ben Press is the co-ordinator of the program and works out of the - Vancouver Non-Status offices but Ernie Webster and Danny Smith are the counsellors for the Van- couver area and will be working out of the Native Information Centre at 584 Nelson Street. Other counsellors are: Ralph Ghostkeeper in Dawson Creek; Mary McQuire in Prince George: Vi Gallenbeck in Terrace; Fred Stanley in Campbell River, and Marie Eutache in Kamloops. The service provided by these counsellors is available to status and non-status Indians as well as to non-Indian people, Webster. said. One of the main stumbling blocks in applying for jobs, Webster said, was that people, especially native. people, do not know how to present’ themselves and their abilities in a favourable light.even though they may be quite capable of handling the job they are applying for. This is one area that he feels that Outreach counsellors will be able to help considerably. “Because Manpower offices are very impersonal, the Outreach counsellor said, ‘“‘many Indian people are shy and are afraid to express themselves, but we will be working in their own invironment and people will be able to express themselves more freely.” Mounties and Indian people get together to mark centennial — ALERT BAY —-The dancing of the Kwakwala Arts arid Crafts Group highlighted a luncheon held: at Alert Bay on June 13 to mark the: centennial of the founding of the RCMP. Mr. Jimmy Sewid introduced the dancers in English and in! Kwakiutl. . . The story of the ‘Animal Kingdom of Arnus,” was told by the colorfully costumed and masked dancers, about 18 in all, with the help of the drummers and Mr. Sewid’s daughter, Daisy Lee, who narrated the story The story tells of how one of the Cedar Bark Dances came to be known. CEDAR BARK DANCES A. woman who has had a misunderstanding with her‘ husband. goes into the forest to gather cockles, where she meets Director of Indian Education named VICTORIA — George Wilson has now been officially appointed Director of Indian, Education for B.C., Education Minister Eileen Dailly announcéd in early June. Wilson, from Bella Bella, won che position. over 16 other ap- plicants. The Education Minister had told the Chiefs. Conference in Prince Rupert last November that Wilson would be appointed as director of Indian education. But in an in- terview earlier this year, Wilson had said that the job should be decided by open competition. In his new position, the former Bella Bella resident will be responsible for the development, implementation, co-ordination and assessment of educational programs for Indian students within the public school system the man of the woods. He tells her that the animals are having a dance that night. She does not believe him and he is hurt. This makes her think there might be some truth to his story. He tells her where the dance will be held. After bathing and rubbing herself with hemlock branches so that the animals will not smell her, she hides in the bushes to watch. She watches as-each animal does . its dance: mouse, the messenger of the animal kingdom; owl, the wise; raccoon, keeper of the fire; martin, composer of the animal kingdom; beaver, builder; raven, the messenger of the air; and many more. In the end, to the woman’s astonishment, all the animals shed their animal forms and dance in their human forms. She takes her new knowledge back to her people. IN RAPT ATTENTION The entire performance held the: rapt attention of both children and adults. Much preparation was done by the RCMP, who funded every- thing; the community members; and the students and the teachers of Alert Bay Elementary School where the luncheon was held. A delicious seafood buffet lunch was prepared by the Nimpkish Ladies Community Club after which the afternoon program began. The eight members of the Alert Bay Force standing side-by-side across the front of the stage made quite a spectacle as they saluted for the singing of “‘O Canada,” played rousingly by the school band. While some of. the ‘“‘Moun- ties’ were dressed in their red parade dress of 1973, others sported the authentic uniforms of 1873. PART OF RCMP HISTORY Of the eight ‘Mounties,’ four operate from a police boat and three are stationed on land, as well: as one auxiliary policeman. Under Sgt. Cahoon they are. responsible for covering 9,000 square miles of land and water. After the singing of the National Anthem a flaming birthday cake- was presented to Sgt. Cahoon accompanied by the singing of “Happy Birthday.” After ordering his men “‘left and quick march to your posts,” Sgt. Cahoon gave his opening address saying that the Indians were as. much a part of the RCMP history as they themselves were. He then introduced Jimmy Sewid who was to speak on behalf of Judge William Scow .who was unable to attend the luncheon. Sewid asked everyone to think back 100 years when the great Queen Mother Victoria said when she formed the NWMP: “I am going to form a red coat to protect my Indians.” PRIDE IN POLICE He went on to say that Indian people should feel proud that they are protected and proud that they are Canadian. The grade six class led the audience in singing ‘This Land is Our Land.” Also included in the program was:a film entitled ‘“‘History of the Force.” / . Everyone was afterward presented with a new quarter marking the centenary of the RCMP. 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The commission also released a revised schedule as follows: August -3 — Swimming, YMCA 4,5 — Soccer, UVic stadium 6 — Track & Field, UVic stadium — junior, juvenile, and senior; men and women 7 — Jr. & Sr. Girls Softball . 8 — Jr. & Sr. Girls Softball; dancing, Newcombe Auditorium 9 — Lacrosse 9, 10 — Jr. & Juvenile Softball Tournament 10, 11 Tournament 12 —.Cross-Country Marathon; - Canoe Marathon, Water Sports; Indian Dancing and Barbecue . The age classifications..are: juvenile — under 15; junior —15 to 19; senior — over 19. Meanwhile, it was also an- nounced that Jennifer Williams has been appointed as liaison and public relations officer of the Songhees Recreation Commission. Men’s’ Softball Sr. Kispiox soccer tourney to offer $1,000 in prizes HAZELTON — A soccer tour- nament offering trophies and $1,000 in prize money will be hosted by Kispiox Band on September 1, 2 and 3, 1973 at the Kispiox Soccer Field. The entry fee for teams wishing to compete: will be $50.00, ac- cording to organizers of the event. And spectators will have to pay $1.50 per day to watch the action. Persons. wishing more _ in- formation are asked to get in touch with: Joe Foster, Box 296, Hazelton, B.C., phone: 842-5248; Jim Angus, Jr., Hazelton, B.C., phone: 842-5590; or, Bill Black- water, Hazelton, B.C., phone: 842- 5701. REGINA Leaders of the Canadian Anglican Church have added their support to native peoples in northern Quebec asking the federal and Quebec govern- ment to recognize aboriginal rights in northern Quebec. Annual Cultus Lake Festival a success CULTUS LAKE:— Indian and non-Indian spectators from all over the Pacific Northwest gathered at Cultus Lake during the first weekend of June'to watch the canoe. races and sample some smoked salmon. All six major canoe races were won by the Mount Provost team from Duncan, and the St. Patrick paddlers from Mill Bay were a consistent second place in the events on both Saturday . and Sunday. Entries in the 11-man events, on both Saturday and Sunday, were down fromthe 22 entered last year, but provided great excitement for the spectators. Other entertainment was provided by Chief Dan George and native tribal dancers during the 15th annual festival. This year’s native princess is Roseann Stewart of Fort Langley. She was chosen by ballot voting over 10 other girls. All trophies were donated by the Cultus Lake Indian festival committee which was headed this year by Chief Sam Douglas. Other members of the committee are Alex Jimmie, vice-president; Gwen Jimmie, secretary, and Richard Malloway, treasurer. Spectators. and performers feasted on hot dogs, hamburgers, smoked salmon and freshly cooked crab meat which was provided by a coastal Indian band. DARRYL STAGER, a member of the Mount Currie Band, takes a break from workout to pose for Nesika photographer. Darryl is the only Indian member of the B.C. All-Star high school soccer team. _ (Staff photo]. Mt. Currie student to play: on All-Star soccer team VANCOUVER (Staff) — Soccer star-player Darryl Stager hopes to ‘become a physical education teacher. For now the 16- -year- old grade XI student at New Westminster Secondary School is concentrating on his academic studies and on his game. Darryl has just been chosen for the B.C. All Star team to play half- back. He was picked from a field of 150 who were members of their own school all star teams. The only Indian member of the B.C. team, Darryl was one of three picked from his school. - The team will leave early July for Edmonton, then to Winnipeg in late July to play. Team members have agreed that if they do well in these games, they will. stick together and take part in the Olympics. “We’re just in the right age bracket,”’ explained Darryl. New head of Ontario Indians faces funding. problems. “TORONTO — William Sault who has just taken over the presidency of the Union of Ontario Indians is pressing the Secretary of State Department for the release of funds for at least the first part of the fiscal year starting April 1. Sault replaced Fred Plain, the union’s president since 1968, and the new president must deal with an estimated $50,000 budget deficit ‘due to the department’s freezing “core” funds of $381,000 allotted to the three Ontario native organization. The Secretary of State depart- ‘ment had been dividing the amount among the union, the, Association of Iroquois and Allied Indians and the Grand Council of Treaty Three - during the last two year, on con- dition that they came to a funding agreementt this year. No agreement was reached, and the problem was joined. when another native group, The Grand Council of Treaty Nine, applied for core funds. Plain, the former union president, meanwhile, has ex- plained that his resignation in April was due to “frustrations.” Plain cited increasing lack of direction from the union board, and ‘unity problems” between north and south Ontario. , The new president is an Ojibway and was formerly vice president for the Thunder Bay region. Another native group is also facing department resistance to release funds over the group’s trip to Mexico in February, under a grant applied for on an_ in- ternational travel plan sponsored = by the department. The Secretary of State depart- ment is withholding $10,000 from the Native Council of Canada in Ottawa unless the group proves that it had not just taken a “pleasure” trip. Council president Tony Belcourt said he had been assured of the. grant by department officials before the group left for Mexico. Citing his group’s meetong with’ the president of. Mexico, and a meeting with the joint congress of Mexico, Belcourt emphasized that the group had gone ona “working trip, not a junket.” Belcourt also pointed out that the department’s international travel program described preference given to ‘‘elderly and Indians.” Amid these funding squeezes, the department announced in Ottawa that it had given nearly $5.5 million - for organizing and operating ex- penses of native organizations for 1972-1973. The money. was paid to three national and 23. provincial and territorial associations; the largest contribution of $448,000 was to the B.C. Association of Non-Status Indians. ~ SPORTS/RECREATION ‘Page Five < Funds still needed By ROGER ADOLPH Director, BCNASRF Not too much is happening at present because we still haven't received our funds for the 1973-74 fiscal year. This lack of funds has prevented us from planning too many ac- tivities for the summer months. But bear with us because as soon as the. money. come in, our programs will be rolling again. ek OK We hope to set up a meeting in mid-September. of all teams and zone representatives to plan a winter schedule of sports. This schedule would include all sporting events including hockey, basketball, and soccer. At the meeting, we hope to establish league and zone play- downs. After that, we can set the dates for the B.C. play-offs. x ke The swimming instructors in Barb Morgan’s aquatics program | are taking an orientation course on June 27 to 29 and then they will be off to the various communities which requested swimming programs. ee I hope to have more news and announcements for you next month as our funds should be received by then. Fred House, president of the B.C. Association of Non-Status Indians has slammed government housing aid programs by charging that efforts in the past “have failed to even touch on the needs of very low-income families ... . especially the Metis and non status .. . living in remote areas.” Kispiox team takes tournament By MARGARET WOODS NEW AIYANSH — The Kispiox Eagles won the championship trophy by defeating the Grenville Athletic Club, 5-2, during the finals of the third annual All Native Soccer Tournament held on May 18-21. In the junior division, of the two teams that competed, Aiyansh vanquished Greenville, 5-0 during the starting game, and 8-0 in the final. The Aiyansh junior team won their trophy quite easily, you might say without too much. effort con- sidering that all during their practices they did not have a coach or even a manager. The two top senior teams, Kispiox and Greenville, will go on to the provincial finals. to be held reportedly in Prince Rupert. In earlier and other games of the tournament, Greenville edged. Kispiox, 4-3, but Greenville Royals folded before Kispiox, 6-2. Greenville won out over Aiyansh, 3-1, while Kispiox routed Port Edward, 6-0. Facing Bella Bella, Port Edward romped off with the game, 40. Led by the New Aiyansh Har- monic Silver Band, a parade of all teams was held on the ball field on opening day. ’ During the evening of the second day, the Nassville Five from Greenville played during the dance and social. The All Native Soccer Tour- nament is the second largest in B.C., and is recognized by the B.C. Festival of Sports. The games this year were well attended. The New Aiyansh sports committee had conveniently set up a canteen and a cafe for guests at the ball field and at the community hall. The following were picked for the all-star team: Harry Daniels, Kispiox, goal; Bill Carpenter, Bella Bella, left fullback; Terry Stevens, Greenville, right fullback; Chester’ Hiajamsque, New Aiyansh YMCA, right half- back; Bill Starr, Kispiox, centre half; Charlie Hillis, Kispiox, left half; Herbert Morven, Aiyansh YMCA, left wing; Lawrence Morrison, Kispiox, inside left; Clyde. Skultz, Kispiox,- centre forward; Joey Foster, Kispiox, inside right; Earl Stevens, Greenville, right wing. Terry Stevens was named the’ ‘most inspirational player; Charlie Hillis, the most valuable player. _ The Port Edward Blues were named the most sportsmanlike team. In the. junior division, Glen McMillan of New Aiyansh was named most valuable player; Mayne Stevens, goalie from Greenville, the “most inspirational player. There is a strong possibility that Port Edward will host a similar tournament soon. Buckskin Gloves tournament began in 1949 ABBOTSFORD The 1973 Buckskin Gloves tournament. held here on April 27 to 28, goes back to 1949 when the first bouts were held at St. Paul’s School. It was Chief Andy Paull who suggested the name “Buckskin Gloves” since the tournament is exclusively for Indian boxers. Before 1949 the first boxing shows were limited affairs held on Indian reserves. The ‘tournament grew out of the need for recreation, sports; and physical education among children:on the North Vancouver reservations. The man.who saw this need was father P. Clarke, OMI. In 1946, a qualified instructor, Alex Strain, was appointed on a voluntary basis to head a sports and recreation committee. OPEN COMPETITION The physical education program has opened the way for Indian boys to take part in all sports in open competition. The first Buckskin Boy was Freddy Baker who was acclaimed as Canada’s greatest Indian athlete in the same year, 1951. WINNIPEG — Approval for the establishment of a native studies program and a separate native studies department was given by thé University of Manitoba board of governors on June 7. From 1955 to 1958, a sensational streak of wins gave the Buckskin Boy title to Eddy Campbell, who also was named Canada’s out- standing Indian athlete in 1956, and awarded the Tom Longboat Trophy. The tournament came to a halt after 1969, apparently suffering finally from the strain of financial failure ‘in spite of its popularity. MSA BOXING CLUB The 1973 tournament, officially recognized by the B.C. Amateur Boxing Association, was sponsored by the Matsqui-Sumas-Abbotsford Boxing Club. / Willie Benallie, 1972 B.C. Golden Boy, won the Buckskin Boy title, with Ed Williams of the MSA club winning the runner-up title. Benallie won over Leroy Blackeyes of Alberta, 165-lb. division, and Williams won over Keith Matt, NWE, 139-Ib. division. Results of other bouts are as follows: Winner Weight Loser Buzz Montour 178 D.M. Robinson Cloverdale Prince George Tony James 139 Earl Williams MSA MS. Fred Buckle 132. Dave Kibby ' NWE- California L.Kinequon 132 Eddie Walkley Saskatchewan Cranbrook M. Williams 119 Dennis Favel Cranbrook Saskatchewan WayneLouie 119 Vern Kelly Cranbrook MSA F. Daigneault 125 H. Silver Surrey MSA L. Johnson 100 G.L. Albers NWE California Jimmy Martin 10¢ M. Assiniboin Shulus Saskatchewan L. Johnson 100 C. Albers NWE California Ray Silver 90 Beaver McNab MSA Saskattchewan LamontSund 85 Mark Baker MSA NWE G. Quacksister 80 A. Bellanger Vancouver Saskatchewan Clyde Johnson 75 Brent Gambler NWE Saskatchewan C. Assiniboine 75 Daniel Jones. Saskatchewan MSA C. Assiniboine 75 Eugene Moses Saskatchewan Shulus Clyde Johnson 75 R.Sutherland NWE California Richard Thorn 70 R. Rutherland Saskatchewan California, J.Daigneault 60 . T. Assiniboin | Surrey Saskatchewan John Silver 55. RB. Assiniboin MSA Saskatchewan G.Bitternose 50 Ed Williams Jr. Saskatchewan MSA Page Six N ES IKA June, 1973 ONE OF THREE longhouses of the Cowichan Indian: Band. This old longhouse is now partially renovated, and work will continue as funds become available. A By G. McKEVITT The. Cowichan Reserve over its 6,000, acres takes in almost every conceivable type of geographical condition. The majority of the land, especially in the southern half, is flat and arable, making up some of the best farming land in that area. As you move south, the reserve land comes flush against the city of Duncan, and then extends east into small rolling hills and low lying swamp land. Finally, the land curves around Cowichan Bay to its , final extremities, taking in a steep, . thickly forested mountain that hovers protectively over the reserve lands. The reserve and its 1,552 inhabitants once was actually in six parts, made up of the Somenos, Quamichan, Koksilah, Corfieakin, Clemclemaleyz and Khenipsen villages. In 1948, however, the six reserves were amalgamated and changed from their hereditary chiefs to a single elected chief and council. This change made Cowichan the largest single Band in British Columbia. Problems Magnified ’ With largeness both ‘the ad- vantages and disadvantages of Indian Bands in B.C. are magnified. Foremost on the list of problems the Cowichan Band is grappling with, like so many others, is housing. There are now 205 houses on the reserve, 190 of which are lived in, the ,rest condemned. They have recently come to the conclusion of a five-year housing program which facilitated the completion of 60 houses. The band estimates a present need, however, for 84 new houses and, at least, another 80 now standing are in need of major renovations. Overcrowded Homes ' The average occupancy is a startling eight to twelve people per house, and Band Manager Norman Joe feels this overcrowding is at least one of the major causes behind the poor educational records of Cowichan students, not to mention the other obvious ef- fects it has on the family and the _ individual. The five-year program has, though, proven a suceessful venture in itself. In the first year the Department of Indian Affairs contracted a. foreman off the reserve to do the construction. Unsatisfied with the quality’ of work, the Band, in the final four years, took over control of the allocation money themselves and hired a foreman and. carpenters from the reserve to do the work. Norman Joe said that the Band has come out in the red every year, because of the better quality of resultant housing, but he feels that it is definitely worth it. The greater control has also allowed a certain amount of experimenting with different. types of heating: and construction which should be beneficial in the long run. One of the benefits of the size of the Band is that they are in the position of having.a number of community workers on the staff. Community Workers These include Home School Co- ° ordinater Ernest Elliot; Com- munity Health Worker. Mary Johnny; Recreational Director < he ey eae CONSTRUCTION FOREMAN Angus Smith oversees Larry Joe and Ron Alphonse at work on hole for septic tank for the Cowichan Indian Band’s Social Centre building. The centre is being built by Band Jennifer William: Band Constable Brian Thorne; four Teachers Aides “anda ‘Welfare Aide, Judy. Bar- tleman. : They are now hiring a second Welfare Aide. new longhouse is nearly completed. Also being con-. structed is the Cowichan Band: Social Centre with gamerooms, rooms for meetings and social functions, , There are also 15 separate. permanent committees’ under council ranging from a fire protection committee, to a joint development board between the Band and Duncan. All the committees have _representatives from the Council but are made up mainly of or- dinary Band members. Other Committees Norman Joe: ‘‘These are all the committees that I know about here, but there may be more that are not connected with Council that ‘ haven’t heard about.” Much of the development and organizing; apart from community services, Band Council.. A good example of this is the co-operative farm that was formed five years ago. - The co-op .is made up of. eight Band members, although open to more if they wish to. join, and controls 400 acres of reserve land. The land is made up. of that Fund. is done outside of the «B.C. INDIAN COMMUNITIES: Cowichan is largest single band and kitchen facilities. owned by. the co-op members as well as non-members who agree to . lease their. land... Co-op Farm. ‘Benétits . Co-op Manager Wes Modeste sees the venture as a way of making farming on the. rich reserve lands a viable concern. There was a time, he said, when the first white settlers came to the area, that. the Cowichan Indians were knowledgeable and prosperous farmers. Since then the farming, if any, has been spotty and unsuccessful. _The co-op benefits the band by providing jobs, both permanent and seasonal, as well-as lease money to the various land owners which will increase as the co-op’s prosperity: increases. A by-product also of the co-op is one of the results of a drainage and flood -control’ system being — in- stalled. Several families live in the co-op farm area and for them ‘seasonal flooding has been a way of life. A recently completed river dyke in the system will put an end to that. The majority of the Cowichan reserve comes. under --private ownership, and, consequently, they co site it ConetEtetOn has been underway for almost two years. Funds for construction came from Band money as well as a grant from the First Citizens [Photos by G. McKevitt] The centre will also house showers and changerooms for athletes. ~ benefit the most from any leasing arrangement within the Band. or otherwise... -.. . With the fast. growth. of. ‘Dunean there i is increasing pressure on the Band for use of their land. A total of approximately 55 acres is now leased out- to various private concerns. The land now contains a large shopping centre, a garage, and a hotel and restaurant complex. Five acres is also leased to the city of Duncan as a parking lot. . Another ten acres is leased to the ‘provincial government for a forestry seed. farm. The. Band collects a ten percent cut of any leasing proceeds: Shopping Centre, Campsite Among future revenue-making projects the Band is studying are a shopping centre and campground, both to be built and operated ‘totally by the Band. Also seen’as needed is a craft store to market the products of the many craftsmen on the reserve and the sweaters the Band _ is . famous for. Now they sell through -non-Indian stores in the area and the craftmen receive little for their works, although sold at high prices to the buyers. An example is one store which buys sweaters for $15 and five dollars worth of groceries, and re- sells them for $60. Three Longhouses The Cowichans have three longhouses on the reserve, one in its final stages of completion. Also ~ near being finished is a new Social Centre. The Centre contains gamerooms, kitchen facilities and room for meetings and social functions. The building features a full basement that will house complete showers and changeroom facilities for players coming off the. adjacent soccer field and bail players from a soft ball diamond that will be built close-by in the near future. The Centre is being built by Band members under the direction of foreman Angus Smith and work has been underway for almost two years. Finances came from Band [Continued on Page 12] See NURSERY _ June, 1973 PROFILES OF PROGRESS Half CHEANUH INDIAN Band Chief Thomas Charles leads uphill battle for economic and cultural development on Beecher Bay reserve. The » reserve, cut in half by a Canadian Forces base, has 300 acres rendered useless; Band members have given up troubling themselves with the security requirements of the base. By G. McKEVITT The members of the Cheanuh Band in Beecher Bay have a strange problem. Their 650-acre reserve is cut almost exactly in half by a Canadian forces base. The only way they can get to the one half by land is to sign in.and out - of the base. Consequently, the 300 acres is rendered almost useless for any sort of revenue develop- ment. “We almost never go out there anymore,” said Cheanuh Chief Thomas Charles, nodding out across the bay to the point of land. “It’s too much trouble going - through the security every time.” The Band, however, is making good use of its accessible land and limited manpower — the population at present is about 100 — to boost its economy. Boat Ramp, Marina The most ambitious project to date is a boat ramp and marina now under construction. The ramp and a small wharf accompanying it are completed, and have been operating for two years. Situated only 20 well-paved miles from Victoria, and in a fine salmon fishing area, the ramp does a brisk business all year round. The Band also has small runabouts for rent. as well as fishing rods and tackle. The. boat rentals have proven popular and the Band has ordered eight more to add to the present seven. Rental Moorage An added feature of the ramp is that it is the only one in the area that can be used at any tide level. The next stage in the marina will be the completion of moorage rental wharves. The piling have Indian mounties on their way REGINA — Beginning this year, the RCMP training centre here will offer a training program for Indian recruits. Jack Ross,. assistant com- missioner, said that eight recruits will be taken each year of the four- year program. . Training will be shorter than the normal six-month course required for regular recruits, the assistant commissioner added. been finished and all that remains is the construction of the wharves. The financing for the complex has come mainly through Band money and the First Citizens Fund. Adjacent to the marina, work is steadily going ahead on a tourist campground. Forty acres of treed waterfront land have been devoted to the project, and access roads have been pushed through and gravelled. The tedious job of clearing the sites by hand is un- derway now by Band members working from an LIP grant. The grounds, however, have been open to the public for some time now, although such amenities as water and tables are not sup- plied yet. Rustic Character “A lot of the tourists seem to prefer it that way,’ Chief Charles said. Even though the sites will eventually provide such amenities, Chief Charles said that Band members hope to- keep it all as rustic as possible. The water at present only comes GY ne ap Ae as far as the marina, and is- CHEANUH BAND members work at clearing area . for tourist campground sites. The campground area is adjacent tothe marina project; forty acres of treed ONS EOS EKA RAMP AND small wharf above are part of Cheanuh people’s most ambitious project at present, con-’ struction of a boat ramp and marina. The present’ ramp and wharf, only 20 miles from Victoria and located in a fine salmon-fishing area;: do brisk business all year. In addition the Band rents its own gravity-fed from.a small like located on the reserve, that also supplies the 13 Band houses. The Beacher Bay reserve, like most, is experiencing an acute shortage in housing. Chief Charles estimated that their present need is at least six new dwellings. Unique Story Last year’s allotment of two houses is nearing completion now. The story behind the construction of one of them is unique in Canada. A few months ago, Chief Charles and Councillors Burt Charles and Pat Chipps were approached by officials from the William Head Minimum Security Prison with a proposal to supply labour on the Band’s housing construction. The prisoners . who. were learning various building trades within the prison had apparently, up till now, . been building two houses a year on the prison groun-s strictly as a training venture and then tearing. them down. The Cheanuh Band agreed to the venture and work went ahead. Consequently the Band is getting a lot more mileage out of the $8,500 €. : waterfront land has been set aside by the Band for the ‘struction courses, a a campground project. Access roads have been made and gravelled. Clearing by hand is funded by an LIP grant. The rustic character will be kept. Page Seven of Cheanuh land made useless DIA housing money as all of it goes into improved materials and finishing and labour is supplied free. : Cooperate with Sooke Charles said that, so far, he is satisfied with work being done, and . that he was happy with the project in that it not only supplied the Band with better housing, but it also gave the prisoners worthwhile work to do. ) _ He said that there is a plan under way to co-operate with the nearby Sooke Band in manpower and skills to take the construction into their .own hands. Several of the younger Band members are now taking con- and Chief Charles hopes they would provide the backbone for this plan. The Band has good relationships with the other reserves in the area and get together with them: oc- casionally for social events. The Band’s own traditional events are usually held in the Esquimalt longhouse as they have no meeting hall ‘of their own. The main occupation of the men [Photos by G. McKevitt] small runabouts, has ordered eight boats to add to the seven it already has; boat rnetals have proven very popular and profitable that much. To be completed are moorage rental wharves. Project financing is from Band funds and the First Citizens Fund. . : - eouncillors fishing rods and tackle. The Band of the Band has been in the logging industry, with many of them getting work in the sawmills and booming sites in the Sooke area. The Band is leasing five acres in the bay to Ranier Logging Co. as a booming area. At. one time this provided up to six steady jobs, but now, due: to. improved sorting ‘methods, only two men are needed full-time. Another income-producer for the Band is an arrangement with Sea Span Tug Co. for a sheltered part of the bay for tying up and holding over barges. _ Both of the agreements are on a five-year basis, although Chief Charles said they were trying to reduce them to annual leases to insure a guard on inflation. An Uphill Battle Economic and cultural development on the Beecher Bay reserve has been an uphill battle for the Cheanuh people. The combination of a small population, poor rocky soil, and a reserve chopped in two by the navy hardly offers much stimulation. The Band has learned to take --advantage of the resources at . hand, and the results so far have been encouraging. Elkins new Chief of Anahim Band ALEXIS CREEK — Bernard Elkins succeeds Chief Douglas Hance as chief of the Anahim Band following band elections on June 5. Hance did not seek re-election this year. He is current chairman of. the Williams Lake District Council and is managing the Chilcotin Forest Enterprises at Fish Lake, an Indian logging operation. Elkins, who defeated Inez Johnny and Maxine Mack in the_ race for chief. Newly elected 0 are Raymond Alphonse, Felix Bobby, Lawrence Elkins and Emma Mack. Re-elected to council positions were Stanley Stump and Tony Petal. Page Eight Commemoration of the death of Pauline Johnson VANCOUVER — Sixty years ago, Canada lost one of her better known native poets when Emily Pauline Johnson died of tuber- culosis in this town. And, according to her wishes, she was cremated and her ashes spread at the base of ‘Siwash rock in Vancouver’s Stanley Park. Her memory is far from dead, though, as this recent message. from her home reserve shows: . “Greetings from Chief Richard Isaac and the Six Nations Council of the Six Nations Indian Reserve: in Ontario through the students of St. John’s College, Brantford, Ontario. : “May we join with you in the commemoration of the Diamond Jubilee of the death of E. Pauline Johnson who was born on the Six Nations Indian Reserve in Ontario and died in your fair province.” Born in 1862, she was educated by private tutors and later at the Brantford Model School.: _ While on a visit to England in 1894, she published her first book of poems, “The White Wampum” which was well received. i Other books she published in- clude two books of poetry; “Canadian Born” and “Flint and Feathers’, and, two fiction; “Shagganappi” and ‘The Moc- casin Maker.” Her father was George Henry M.: Johnson, a full blood Mohawk chief and her mother was Emily S. Howells, an Englishwoman. Many of her poems such as “‘The Song My Paddle Sings” are familiar to many generations of Canadian school children. -Run-away success at Fraser Valley Chautaugua Days CHILLIWACK — Indian arts, crafts, and industry were a run- away success during the 10 days of Chautauqua in mid-May. The Indian displays included blankets, most of which were made by Indian people of Chilliwack Valley; two canoes; beadwork from Chilliwack and Vancouver Island; carving; leatherwork. Among those who exhibited _works is artist Audred Redman from Ontario who has settled in the Fraser Valley. The displays were co-ordinated by Irene James and Mrs. Theresa Jimmie. Mohawk golfer Visits B.C. Joe Horn, a Mohawk Indian from Quebec, is unique in the Canadian golf tour. Not because he is the only full-blooded Indian - playing tour.. golf but because he doesn’t have any illusions about making it rich in. golf tournaments. “I don’t expect to do that well on the tour,” he admits, “I need much more exposure to competition.” In Vancouver recently to take part in the $15,000 Peter Jackson B.C. Open, Joe said that he plans to divide his working years between golf and working as a iron worker on the tall skyscrapers in New: York. The self-taught golf rookie says his philosophy in working as high: off the ground as 60 storeys is that’ “it doesn’t matter if you fall from: 30 feet or. 30 storeys, you'll still be killed.” He plans to work as the pro at the Caughnawaga reserve golf course this summer. “Golf has become a big game on our reservation,” he says, ‘“More Indians now play golf than lacrosse.”’ N E—E S$ i K He was born in the year 1899, on the corner of Canada, by thesea, This man who lives for the rights of our people, a spokesman dependence free, : That being an Indian is a privilege, that time cannot erase, Being widely known across the country, whose words continue to amaze, It is the same as long as Canada’shall be, — Good people, help yourselves, help your race, and be free, This man loves his country, never dispossessing his beloved land, Living the same as. always and the proud feeling to be a man, He’s seen more than most, lived long, and will live ages more, Loving Burrard Reserve No. 3, along Vancouver’s shore, He’s never had much money, what he earned, given it away, To someone less fortunate, than he is, for his is made that way, His love for animals never exceeding his love for humans, "- This dignity he has brought his people, the Canadian Indian, Dan George has met famour people, been to their homes to see, But he’s happiest at his simple cottage, at Reserve Number 3, Time for him is expressed as one straight line, A man not with many words, but he that hears, miss not one, His famous speeches though truthful, will be there always, This is the man better known as ‘‘old lodge skins” on film, . In the famous role, “Little Big Man’, having acted to the best of this skill But to us, the Indians of Canada, we are luckier than most, He’s made us proud just be be men, identities not lost, Because of this humble quiet man, whose life I never knew, Just someone I heard about and seen the rugged face so true, It is as they say, erosions of time have made it beautiful to see, An Indian in this modern age, a man searching for new destinies. - By Mrs. Rita Joe, - Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. Chief Thunderbird Chief Thunderbird of Tsartlip Reserve, Baptiste Paul born was given this name, . Wrestling his profession, countries and people to serve, Onto great fame, He saw many Lands, served many races, Was presented to Queen Mother Elizabeth, Winning hearts and her graces Loving his profession, a natural celebrity As his love for people, states quite clearly Caring deeply, Remembering tales of where he’s been, Telling of miles of orchid fields, Of what He’s seen, Where ever he went, as an Indian he shared, In a match main event, wrestling a fame Some people thought him wild, untamed Sometimes letting out a war whoop, Exciting his fans Part of entertaining Indian, drawing crowds, Then a sad inevitable happened, ‘Injuries at last came, Now his memories stand of a man too good, No man to fill his mocassins, Or where he stood, - I know not this man, just what I read, But being from this land, and as a Indian Being himself a legend, I serve him this memorial, So amemory will stand as a great Canadian, By Mrs. Rita Joe, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. Why did he change? Why .... the question is asked. By his people, his brother. What brought. upon his evil? What makes him hate? His mind dizzy with fire-water, Why the change? / Not long ago, a little boy. Now a man. With a hurt pride. He’s an Indian. And we ask Who taught the hate? Who gave us your so-called faith? God! Is there one for us? He made you, me...and... him... He’s an Indian. s *e The change was you... If there was love. . . he would love. ‘ If there was brotherhood . . . he would be your brother. If there was kindness . : . he’d learn to be kind. Judge him not by his. colour. Judge him like a man. Let everyone unite... as one. ; Debbie Fortier, Age 16 _ : North Thompson Band, Chu-Chua, B.C. 7 June, 1973 0 Wounded Knee Dedicated to.my dear friend, Chief Dan George, in Peace, Love, and Brotherhood I am a person, A living human being, ~ Look not upon my shadow, My flesh is to be seen. Mighty thunder voiced to be, Changing: wind of Wounded: Knee, Gather strong our spirits be, Voice of thunder, O’ Wounded Knee. We are a people, A Part of this creation, Give back the Pride and Honour, We had once as a nation. ‘Mighty thunder voiced to be, Changing wind of Wounded Knee, Gather strong our spirits be, : Voice of thunder, O’ Wounded:Knee. By Lelan Shaffer, e 1973, AES? EKWELESH KWENI’KWSHEN (O’ WOUNDED KNEE) Ste’lmexw chan, Ayne’xw i’7imesh ste’lmexw, . Haw shexw ni’lhes tin ki’nkin7xni kw’akw’ch texw, Tin slhikw na wa esxwi7xwi?7. T7i’m i’ninyaxa7nta enkwe’lten na na7, Yiyelke’m spahi’m tl’a Es7e’kwelesh Kweni’kwshen, Ke’xwen i7i’m ti welh ay’ne’xw chet, Nakwe'lten tl’a ininy’a’xa7n A Es7e’kwelesh Kweni’kwshen. Ste’Imexw chant. Esk’ek’u’ ti na xi’tem, Ka’natsuts kya kwe’tsi mets’enti’n’ menalha’nen chet, Wat? i’7p’is tat tkwi nacha’xw tima’ tkwi hiyi’ u’xwumixw. I7i’m Pninyaxa7nta enkwe’lten na na7, Yiyelke’m spahi’m tl’a Es7e’kwelesh Kweni’kwshen, Ke’xwen i7i’m ti welh ay’ne’xw chet, Nakwe'lten tl’a ininya’xa7n A Es7’ekwelesh Kweni’kwshen. Translation from English to the Squamish language by Louie Miranda. You are my brother You Are My Brother For shame you shall feel. Your heart, not within. Are you my brother? You are my brother. Have you the heart? If you shall be Can you look at me, And smile? Or turn away in shame? I feel for you, as all the others. 1 look down upon you, As a man, Not a symbol Let kindness rule your heart. “Let us unite as one family. You are my brother. In colour. you are the same. In racial ways, we are one. We are one way, one. kind. My father’s son. Yes, do not hide. : Debbie Fortier, ‘Chu-Chua, B.C. ‘My impressions My Impressions _ . Me, I am an Indian. In which I’m very proud to say! I bead and knit. Oh how I love the Indians’ way, The Indians’ way of life. Now ... most whites, They don’t want to stop and think, To them we’re no good and can’t achieve. We’re drunks and barely on the brink. Now this I can’t believe! I am human! I have feelings and the ability The ability to learn the things that I must I won’t hide any hurt or appreciation. Ihope to have the courage to accept the challenge And help keep our traditional fires burning. We are trying and we’re succeeding, But most important we have got to be willing! To accept one another . Without being hateful or’ distrustful! Charlene LaFortune, Westholme, B.C. Cake easy to make but good tasting Chocolate ‘‘Wacky” Cake By MRS. P. L. HANNA, 1 tsp. baking powder 3 tbsp. cocoa Hesquiat Indian Band . 1 tsp. soda Sift all the following ingredients 1/2 tsp. salt into an ungreased 8’’x8” pan: ~~ Pinch of cream of tartar 1-1/2 cups flour 1 cup brown sugar Steps: 1. Make three holes on the sifted. 3. Mix 1/2 cup strong coffee with 1/2 cup lukewarm. water. :. ingredients in the pan, 2. In the first hole, place 1 tsp. vanilla. ; 4. Mix into dry ingredients with In the second hole, place 1 tbsp. a fork. vinegar. 5. Bake 30 minutes.. at. 350 In the third hole,-place 5 tbsp. degrees over. melted butter or margarine. _6. Ice and serve from cake pan. Ibern News ’n Notes. By PHYLLIS L. HANNA The Hesquiat culturual education . program...is..now.. well ... underway. A. number of workers are employed there now. Marina Tom, Stanley Lucas, Terrance Sabbas, Brian Lucas, and Vincent Ambrose will be going up when they are out of school to join the program staff. The project representatives are _ Donald Sabbas, Stephen Lucas, and Marilyn Lucas. A total of $7,970 was approved for . this program, andthe purpose is for young people of the Hesquiat Band to work with people from the B.C. provincial museum to recover and preserve Indian cultural data. The young people will also be trained in the field of ar- chaeological research. ELDERS CARVE A CANOE The first canoe carved in many years is now completed. It was carved by Hereditary Chief Ben Andrews (Matlahaw), Alex Amos (Suiya-Mak), ‘and Hippolite George Ignace — all elder Band members. The canoe is a cedar dugout, 19° in length. Future plans are to carve a 15’ dugout and a 36’ whaling canoe on which all young Band members will be participating and taught by their elders. * Patsy and Christopher Charleson are the proud parents of their first son, born May 29, 1973, in the West Coast General Hospital. They have chosen the name Christopher Andrew Jr. for the 6-11 lb. 11 ozs. boy;. a brother for Bonnie and Rochelle. A 7.6 ozs: son was born to Irene and Richard Lucas on June 2, they have chosen. the name Richard Douglas for their firstborn. * * OF The Hesquiat Band secretary is to have gone to Bamfield on June 17, to assist the newly appointed secretary for the Ohiat Band, Mrs. Joan Johnson, for a few days. wo The administration offices of the Hesquiat Band Council are to be moved to a new address: 316 Argyle Street, P.O. Box 154, Port Alberni, B.C. Along with the Hesquiat Band, the Uchucklesaht and the Opet- chesaht Bands’ offices will also be housed at the same location. Native group. prepares guidebook for prisons KINGSTON, Ont. — The Native Communcation Circle here has prepared a visitor’s guide to native organizations in federal in- stitutions in the area. Mrs. Carole Walton, chairman of the Circle, noted: ‘‘We are thinking _ of persons going to Ottawa on business who could fit a side trip to Kingston on their schedule. . The’ penal institutions at Joyceville, Collins Bay, and Millhaven have each a... native brotherhood organization.. The prison for women in Kingston has a native sisterhood: organization. Each of the organizations needs contact with native organizations and visitors. Members. of the Native Communication Circle are available. for escorts and in- troduction. Those who are interested in making‘a visit should contact Mrs. Walton, Native Communication Circle, 3-a Chateauguay Park, Kingston, Ontario. — Clearance of visits usually need- a minimum of two day’s notice. In case of short notice, every effort will be made to arrange at- tendance at a meeting. _ Besides’’“meetings, social programs, and other activities, the native groups. in the Kingston in- stitutions are developing libraries of native literature, journals, and others, - A YOUNG DANCERS, under the leadership of Henry Smith, of the Tsartlip Band led off dancing en-- tertainment at the recent opening of ‘the band’s ‘story on page 16.] longhouse. Many dance groups including two from ‘Washington performed for guests at the opening. [See [G. McKevitt photo] Co-operative promised by band if government will meet conditions PENTICTON Through Manager Adam Eneas, the Pen- ticton Indian Band has said it is willing to cooperated with the. provincial government to build a roadway through the reserve but under certain conditions. Stating the Band has been resisting for 20 years efforts by the highways department to put a bypass through Band lands, Eneas said that. ‘‘We, too, like this present provincial government wish to see some green fields about us.” “But our idea of a green belt is not only a narrow artificial perimeter running throughout our lands, but consisting of lands as they were: brush, swamp, meadows, where quail, pheasant, and rabbit may live and be seen by our children and their children’s children.” The conditions set by Eneas will limit the road to be built to a location chosen by the Band and subject to the Band’s regulations and restrictions. Already, the Band’s manager pointed out, in replying to High- ways Minister Robert. Strachan’s statement that Penticton Indians must meet their obligations, the Band’s lands “are. crisscrossed with right-of-ways, railroads, roads, canals, etc., etc.” Referring to hundreds of acres lost to expropriation by the provincial government, Eneas said: “We already.gave. We have met our obligations; plus... Most of our valuable lands are leased to Non-Indians. These lands are taxed. Most of the land has been taxed for twenty years. at least. Many dollars have gone from our reserve to line the coffers of the Province ...”” In the fall of 1972 the Band had refused a proposal .by the City of Penticton for an ‘alternate four-: lane road running along the west side of the Okanagan River channel. . Besides fears that. this would cut off fishing in and access to the river, Band members objected on the ground that — possible Manitoba hunting case OTTAWA — The Supreme Court of Canada has granted leave to appeal a hunting case involving Manitoba: treaty In- dians; at issue is whether or not treaty Indians are exempt from certain hunting regulations. The four defendants in the case were convicted last year of hunting at night with a spotlight. development will not benefit the Band. Band members pointed to their inability to develop their own in- dustry due to lack of funds, and to their being able to merely lease lands to corporations. It was also asked then why the bypass has to be ‘on the reserve rather than through white men’s lands. Though the Band appreciates the. provincial government’s intent to treat Indian people as any other group of citizens in B.C., Eneas observed, however, that the Band Council believes that the province is just now starting to realize and try to meet its obligations. Toward the provincial govern- ment’s obligations, Eneas suggested the government ‘“‘review past expropriations, and other land alienations of the Penticton Indian Reserve, with a view to establish true and just compensations.” By virtue of aboriginal rights, the Penticton Band claims lands now occupied by the Penticton. airport, by the Penticton regional hospital, and. by the Okanagan River channel. : A member also has noted that land occupied by the evacuation centre for West Coast residents, which was supposed to be returned. to the Band after the war, was never returned. Alberta tribes won't sign $250,000 agreement CALGARY — Five tribes under Treaty No. 7, have refused to sign an agreement with the government settling their ammunition claim with a $250,000-back payment. Scheduled signing ceremonies and celebrations at Blackfoot crossing on. June 23, were post- poned indefinitely, as. spokesmen for the tribe said that it was feared the signing of the claim may en- danger larger claims still to be negotiated. The tribal leaders reportedly want to see the agreements before they sign anything. Sarcee Chief Gordon Crowchild said that celebration..plans: were made without consultation-with the Indians. There is also allegedly a dispute between larger tribes wanting to distribute the money on per-capita basis, and smaller tribes wanting it split among the five tribes. Chief John Snow of the Stoney Band, who also has objected to signing the. agreement,.. mean- while, harshly ‘criticized white i attitude toward Indians and Indian rights. a a4 His criticisms were aired at a hearing on the use of the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains by - an Alberta environment authority. Chief Snow particularly attacked the “wilderness” areas set up by government; such areas become occupied Crown land on which hunting is banned. “The stupidity of government people is. at times totally un- believable, and it forever amazes me how some of these people get” elected to office, and how others retain their jobs as civil servants,” said Chief Snow in commenting on arbitrary actions of government. “The government sets up these _ Special areas without any con- sideration of Indian people, although we all too often are the people most directly affected by. these changes,”’ said the chief. shemainus ban wants a harbour authority LADYSMITH — The Chemainus Indian Band’s~-concern: over- pollution of streams has led to an agreement to meet with persons who want to set up a local con- trolling. authority for the harbour here. “We look at the polluted streams where the salmon can’t live; we can’t get shellfish, or even dig for clams because of pollution. There’ are deadheads and other hazards in the water. We are very con- cerned, and very interested in getting some action,” said Bahd Chief Larry Seymour. The chief was commenting > during a public meeting of the Ladysmith Harbour Citizens’ Association in May. : Chief Seymour said he will take the proposal back to the Band Council. If. the Council approves, the Band would like two representatives in the board or committee that would administer the development and control of the harbour. . More meetings are to be held between the town council, harbour association representatives, Band Council, and area “oH” representatives to determine representation on and extent of control by the board. The resolution, passed by the harbour association by a 26-23 vote, asked that the B.C. government extend the jurisdiction of the town to the inner harbour from the southern boundary of Ladysmith to Sharpe Point. 24-hour watches recommended for Tofino lifeboat station TOFINO — A coroner’s jury here has recommended that the Skeena lifeboat station be manned 24-hours a day following an ac- cident in early May which ended in two Indian people drowning. Martha Martin, 73, and David Henry Williams, 33, were drowned when the canoe they and two others were in.capsized around 2 a.m. on May 2. The inquest, which heard evidence. that suggested that the occupants of the boat had been drinking heavily previous to the accident, also recommended that there be closer supervision of the serving of alcoholic beverages in public licensed premises. The drownings raised a good deal of concern in the community and sparked a petition signed by about 400 asking that 24-hour watches be restored immediately to the lifeboat stations at Tofino and Bamfield. Although there are men on duty from 8 a.m. to midnight each day, the graveyard shift was taken off about two years ago. for Indian ex-inmates. Norman Levi. . for by the society. President Box 10 KWA-WIN-NAH HALF-WAY HOUSE SOCIETY _ Wanted: People interested in becoming house parents, or a manager of our half-way house. We. need a responsible person or persons’ — preferably. of Indian descent — to manage the Kwa-Win-Nah Half-Way House The applicant must be able to counsel, or work with people ‘who have social problems; must also do domestic work, and must be able to work with other people in society. The salary is low at this time, as we do not have sufficient funds to pay a higher wage. At present we are giving a salary of $200.00 a month from the Department of Human Resources. However, this is subject to review in June by us and by Minister The house parents do not pay rent and all utilities are paid All applicants must write to: BURT GEORGE Kwa-Win-Nah Half-Way House Society Metchosin, B.C. ‘NOES I KA “June,. 1973 EDITH JOSIE .. . official hostess [photo courtesy Mobile-Graphics] Gala luncheon features Indian culture and art By SUSAN SAIGAL OTTAWA — At a gala luncheon held here recently by the Native Peoples of Canada, guests were. introduced to Indian art, Indian food and a new book by Olive Dickason, ‘Indian Arts in Canada.” Author Dickason was the special speaker at this artistic and cultural event attended by journalists, broadcasters, writers and in- formation officers of the Media Club of Canada. The piece de resistance on the menu, inspired by traditional Indian cuisine, was Winnipeg Gold Eye, served with wild rice and fiddle-heads. Oh-Hahn-Dah — a delicious’ salad of greens, wild onions, lettuce, celery, and tomatees dressed with vinegar, honey, and oil — was served before the fish, with corn bread pudding and maple syrup for dessert. As official hostess, Edith Josie, a Loucheau Indian whose News from” Old Crow column has’ been featured in many North Ameriéan newspapers, thanked the speakers with wit and warmth. Afterward, Josie presented a copy of her new book, ‘Here Are The News” to Joyce Gilfillian, retiring president of the Media Club. Mary Backlund, director from B.C. Media. Club, gave a special vote of thanks to _Olive Dickason stressing that the author had helped restore her (Mary’s) pride } in her own Indian: heritage. regional. Mary had come all the way from: B.C. by bus to attend the 26th general meeting and convention of the Media Club. While stepping off the curb at the Skyline Hotel, she slipped and fell, badly injuring one leg and the knee of the other leg. In her book Olive Dickason has opened up several new avenues which reveal the traditional arts: and crafts of Canadian Indians. : The book, ‘‘Indian Arts in Canada,’”’ comes at a time when Indians) are fighting for recognition. Everyone who sees it will know it could never have been inspired by anything but Indians. . from B.C. ~ [Photo courtesy Mobile-Graphics] MARY BACKLUND . DENTAL HYGIENE Sugar is culprit in tooth decay. By G.C. BUTLER — Regional Director Medical Services Health & Welfare Tooth decay is a progressive disease which can destroy all parts of the tooth including the outer _ covering, the inner parts of. the tooth’s crown and even the root. When neglected it progresses through the crown of the tooth exposing the nerve to destructive bacterial action .and soon causes toothache. . The major cause, generally, of tooth decay is the acids forming beneath film known as plaque. Specifically, acids, formed following the presence of. sugar in the month, are the main cause. There is a close relationship bet- ween the amount of sugar eaten and the rate at which decay occurs. Of equal, if not, greater, im- portance is how often it is eaten’ and the stickiness of the. sugar foods consumed. Hard, sticky, sweet foods which stick to the teeth, dissolving slowly, are known to be more harmful than sweet liquids or less sticky sweet solid foods. Constant nibbling at sweet foods of either type will cause more tooth decay than eating an equal amount at one time. There is, even in the cleanest mouth, a certain amount of film, or bacterial plaque, around the teeth. This plaque is composed of the bodies of dead and living bacteria, sloughed off dead cells from the lining of the mouth and food debris. In most mouths in this plaque, there are bacteria that thrive and multiply greatly if well-supplied with sugar. They turn the sugar to acid which dissolves tooth enamel. By GEORGE POVEY, M:D. [Fourth ina series] We have discussed before how an woman’s ovaries and moves down the uterine tube to the uterine cavity. We have also discussed how the male testicles produce sperm, and how the sperm go up the spermatic ducts to be. mixed. with the semen and eventually ejected (ejaculated). Following ejaculation, the sperm enter the mouth of the womb, and pass through the uterine cavity into the tube, where one of them may fertilize the egg. into the uterine cavity and im- plants in the lining of the uterus. From a microscopic cell the egg - becomesan embryo, and then a fetus, which, enclosed: in a sac of ammiotic fluid, lies. within the uterus. , -.The fetus is joined to the placenta, a flat structure attached by the umbilical cord to the wall of the uterus. The placenta contains vessels through which the fetal blood circulates. In the placenta, the blood of the fetus is. separated from the mother’s blood by a thin membrane. The oxygen and nutrients needed for. life and growth pass through this mem- brane into the baby’s blood, and are then. carried through the umbilical cord to the baby. LENGTH OF PREGNANCY When medical people speak of the length (duration) of pregnancy, they are counting from the last menstrual period that actually occurred. Ovulation and conception occur midway between menstrual periods, that is, about two weeks after the last period. The last menstrual period is the one biological event which can be clearly known by the woman herself, and it has come to be used as the starting date when finding the duration of the pregnancy. When six weeks have passed since the last menstrual period, therefore, we say that the woman is “‘six weeks pregnant,” although she actually conceived only four weeks previously, and only missed a period of two weeks previously. The most common symptoms of pregnancies are: 1. absence of menstruation 2. frequency of urination 3.-nausea or morning sickness 4. breast swelling and -ten- derness The commonest symptom, of course, is menstruation failure. Failure may happen for many other reasons, however, including iliness of any kind, and emotional stress. Furthermore, some women have totally irregular menstrual cycles, and, sometimes, is also-true that some women will have slight bleeding around the time of their menstrual’ period even after they are pregnant. “MORNING SICKNESS” 4 Nausea and sometimes vomit- ting, most commonly occurring early in the day, the so-called “morning sickness,’’ occur early in pregnancy. It may last for some three months. The cause is not understood. Urinary frequency (the-need to pass water more often than usual) occurs early in pregnancy from the pressure of the enlarging uterus upon the bladder. In the early weeks of pregnancy some women notice that their breasts are tender to the touch, and that they become swollen and sometimes nodular. This is caused by the hormones of pregnancy. The hormones stimulate circulation and glandular development in preparation for lactation (production of milk). The early signs. of. pregnancy are: i. enlargement of the uterus 2. softening of the cervix 3. congestion of the vagina egg is produced monthly by the. The fertilized egg then goes down: miss. periods without being pregnant. It THE FIRST MONTHS During the first three months, enlargement of the uterus can only: be known by pelvic examination. After three months the uterus can be felt through the abdominal wall. Softening of the cervix and congestion of the vaginal surface occur early in pregnancy due to hormonal changes. These changes can ‘be seen by. internal examination. ’ “Quickening,” the first. definite fetal movement, is usually felt at four or five months. The urine test for pregnancy become positive about two weeks after the first missed menstrual period, that is, when the woman is “six weeks pregnant.” Hormones produced by the. developing pregnancy are, passed into -the urine, where they can be known by a simple test. This method is’ unreliable in the first weeks, but becomes more reliable. as. the pregnancy progresses. FETAL HEARTBEATS The heart of the fetus can be heard through the abdominal wall by a stethoscope at four or five months. It can be heard earlier by using special electronic in- struments. Medical examinations during pregnancy can find some problems before these become serious. A woman should seek medical advice as soon as she suspects that she is pregnant, and return for regular examinations throughout her pregnancy. Anemia is one condition which can be found by early examination. It is usually treated with iron and vitamin tablets. Syphilis can be detected by a blood test early in pregnancy,: and treated with penicillin before it has labour ” PLANNING YOUR FAMILY "Pregnancy, § some symptoms and some problems any effect on the fetus. The blood test for syphilis should be repeated late in pregnancy, as this disease can be contracted during pregnancy, and can result in the birth of child with inborn (congenital) syphilis. - TOXEMIA Toxemia (a condition in which | poisonous substances are in. the blood) of pregnancy is of unknown cause. But it can result in serious risk to both mother and child. The first evidence of toxemia may be too much weight gain, swelling of the hands and face, presence of protein in the urine, or a rise in blood pressure. These signs need to be watched for throughout pregnancy. Poor nutrition, which often happen with the use of modern “convenience”? foods containing not enough amounts of protein and vitamins, may result in premature and. delivery. -Poor nutrition, therefore, creates many additional dangers to the life and health of the newborn child. The next article will discuss labour and delivery. New chief for Nimpkish ALERT BAY — Members of the‘ Nimpkish band have a new chief following band election for chief councillor last month. Clarence Alfred defeated former- chief George Cook by 51 to 43 votes. Out of approximately 250 eligible. voters, 96 turned out to the polls ‘to select the new chief. Returning officer for the election. was Alex Nelson. Nimpkish band will return to the polls again in early November to elect the band councillors. ’ | love to talk but am shy. my glasses and brown eyes. Is anyone listening to me? Placement. Section, TKWAYA7N KYA TL’A ENS Squamish translation for “LISTEN TO ME” My name is Maryann and I am six years of age. | am looking for a home where | and my five year old brother Jeffrey can be together and the youngest in the family. l have a harelip and cleft palate and sometimes people find it difficult to understand what | am saying. | am in grade one and an average student. | have a slight build, black hair, with bangs to the top of My brother, Jeffrey, is tall for his age, with a stocky build, short, straight black hair, brown eyes and olive skin. He is happy, outgoing and friendly. He catches colds easily so | must look after him. We are very close.and want to stay together. JEFFREY AND MARYANN For more information on Maryann and Jeffrey and other children, kindly contact Mrs. L. Fowler, Consultant, Adoption , No. 401 — 100 West Pender Street, Vancouver 3, B.C. Telephone: 684-3391. Above translation to Squamish was provided by Chief Lous Miranda. YOUNG STUDENTS, Anthony Charleson and Marie Andrews cut the ribbon, marking the official opening of the Christie Student Residence’s new.gymnasium. Lending a helping hand is Father O’Conner, ad- ministrator of the residence. Master of ceremonies, “Best student residence in Canada” By CINDY WILSON TOFINO (Staff) — Music and dancing highlighted the official opening of the Christie Student Residence’s new gymnasium. on Saturday, June 23. Though the weather was dull and grey outside, no gloom found its way inside the new building when Indian people from all corners of the island gathered -for the ceremonies. After. the student band sang O Canada.and Joey Tom, master of ceremonies, welcomed the guests, the two young children cut the ribbon, the official opening of the gym. - Following the ribbon cutting, the student band which only began playing together. in February played a couple of tunes under the guidance of music teacher David Hawkes. Brotherhood, union disagree on bargaining rights ‘VANCOUVER — A bid by the United Fishermen and Allied Workers Union, to. be the bargaining agent for all fishermen has been. opposed by the Native Brotherhood of B.C. and the Pacific Trollers’ Association. Homer Stevens, president of the fishermen’s union said that his union has applied to the Canadian Labour Relations Board in Ottawa to have his bargaining rights ex- tended to all fishermen. Up to this year, the union and the brotherhood, representing Indian fishermen, have bargained jointly on fish prices that companies are to pay the fishermen. This year separately with the Fisheries Association of B.C. which represents 14 processing com- panies in labour bargaining. Bud Recalma, business agent for ~ the brotherhood, said that the union could not negotiate for In- dian fishermen because many of them are vessel owners and that the brotherhood has traditionally spoken for the native fishermen. Manager of the Pacific Trollers’ Association, Merv Ellis, said that his group would oppose the ap- plication by the fishermen’s union on the same grounds. the union met. Island. Mr. Hawkes explained, much to the audience’s delight, that each song would. be played twice since the band had twice as many members as musical. instruments. Chairman of the Residence Advisory Board, Barney Williams, spoke to the assembled guests, noting now hard the advisory board and residence staff had worked to get the gymnasium built and. mentioned the benefits the gym will -bring .to.the local children. Following a performance of the Ucluelet Dancers, under the leadership of Dave Haipee, Larry Wright, regional director of the Department of Indian Affairs, Joey Tom [to the left] looks on while members of the school band, in the background, strain to see what’s going on. The residence is lo¢ated about: two miles south of Tofino on the scenic west coast of Vancouver [Staff photo] expressed his pleasure at being present. He called the Christie Student Residence “‘the best in Canada” and mentioned the department’s pride in the student residence. Louie Frank then presented gifts to Larry Wright; Mr. Janzen of the: DIA’s education branch and to Barney Williams: A gift was also presented ‘to Ray Hall, regional superintendent of education, who was unable to attend. Next on’ the agents “were traditional: dances performed. by the Opitsaht Dancers. Earl Smith, a former employee of the Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs and now with. the West Coast BARNEY WILLIAMS, chairman of the Christie Student Residence .Advisory Board thanks staff, parents and community members for helping make the new gym possible. Barney’s young son accompanied: - him to the stage but decided he didn’t like being in the limelight and hid behind his father shortly after this picture was taken. District office, spoke on behalf of the Union reminding the audience that the Union was really quite well represented at the ceremonies since there were at least four band chiefs present. He also-remarked on the pride he felt in the student, residence and how much it had changed since he was a student there. A group of Christie students, led by .Sister Anita then sang a delightful selection of folk songs. The Hesquiat Dancers, led by Francis Amos, then made their way on stage and performed : several dances including a dance , of welcome and the sea serpent dance. [Staff photo] The sea serpent dance, Mr. Amos explained, performed only at very important occasions such as the visit of a high chief or when a young girl reaches womanhood. Friar O’Connor who is in charge of the residence expressed his thanks to the staff, the advisory ‘beard and other people who had helped” make the gymnasium possible. The ceremonies ended..with an Indian prayer by Alec Amos. The prayer, as Joey Tom ‘explained, was a traditional one which was used long before the ‘‘missionaries or whitemen arrived.” A light lunch was. served following the ceremonies for the guests. UCLUELET DANCE TROUPE performs welcome dance in honour of or guests bled This dancing group, led by & LE. Dave Haipee has only begun practising the traditional dances. The Poitsaht dance group and Hesquiat dancers.also performed for the guests. Roughly fifty people from all parts of Vancouver Island attended the ceremonies. _ [Staff phote] is traditionally Pa e Fit sen. Babi n Sige SALMON BAKE at Nimpkish Indian Celebration Days. Other events held during the celebration days included men’s and women’s soccer: tournaments, sighing boat sail-past and show and dancing by the Kwakwala Arts and Crafts. Club: Beta . [G. MeKevitt photo] : e o a — Soccer tourneys highlight ~ Nimpkish Indian celebrations By G. McKEVITT ALERT BAY — If the turnout at the Nimpkish Indian Celebration Days counts for anything, it is safe to say that women’s soccer is here to stay. Four teams showed up, almost equalling the number of men’s teams, for the event held here June 8 to 10. : The Nimpkish Tyees took the top spot in the ladies tournament over another. Alert. Bay team, -the Cormorettes. It was not an easy tournament for the Tyees with stiff competition. coming from a Port Hardy team and those. fearsome adversaries, the » Screaming Chicks. : me In the: men’s competition the Nimpkish Islanders showed_ fine form in defeating the Cape Mudge Tyees, 3-1. The final was close all the way through with the teams being tied for a good part of the game. The Alert Bay team proved to have the strongest offence, however, and this made the difference in the end. THE RUNNER-UP The Victoria T-Birds were the -winners in the consolation round. Other’ teams in the men’s division were the Port Hardy Totems, the. Gilford Island Breakers, and the. Nimpkish Rats. The last team -was made-up of-a local hotel owner and his most faithful patrons. i An exhibition match between the Rats and. the Screaming Chicks was finally called. off because of popular demand. ~~ ‘ In the awards Alex Nelson of the T-Birds won the high-scorer trophy for the men, while Patricia Alfred of the Tyees won it in the ladies division. ; OUTSTANDING PLAYERS Patricia also won the most outstanding player award, and Ernest Alfred of the T-Birds earned this honour in the men’s division. The most sportsmanlike player . award went to Richard Harry of Cape Mudge, while the Cor- Family fishboats will receive tax exemption VANCOUVER — Beginning in July, family farmers and fisher- men will be entitled to receive a three-cent per gallon discount on marked or marine gasoline... According to a spokesman from the provincial consumer taxation branch, persons elegible for the discount or tax exemption must apply for a permit. from his department to receive the benefits. Formerly, he explained, persons operating a fishing vessel or farm vehicle for the purposes of earning their livelihood were entitled to a two-cent per gallon rebate if they applied for it. : But: the -present government decided to do away: with this and end the tax for family farms and: fishing vessels. Now, he. added, eligible persons just have to register and will be given a permit to present to the dealer when they purchase marked gasoline. Eligible persons include those whose principal. means of livelihood is the catching of fish, or operating a farm, and limited companies which have 75% of share capital. owned by people actively working on the vessel or farm. Marked gasoline, he noted, is already exempt from a 13¢, per gallon road tax but can not be used. in vehicles driven on public roads. Application forms for the per- mits are available by writing to Consumer Taxation Branch, 636 Burrard Street, Vancouver, or, Consumer Taxation Branch, 612 Government Street, Victoria, B.C. In the story on the 5th Buckskin Soccer Tournament on page 12 of the May issue, several mistakes were made. _ The Buckskin Soccer Tour- nament was -not financially sponsored by the Cowichan Band but was funded by monies left by the Cowichan Saints Soccer Club and a $300-grant from the First Citizens’ Fund, nor. was the tournament organized by the Cowichan CORRECTION, MAY ISSUE. Recreation Commission. It was organized by Dennis Sam ‘of Duncan. Harvey Underwood who was chosen as the outstanding goalie is from Brentwood Bay, not Alert Bay as stated in the ar- ticle. Our apologies to those con- cerned and our thanks to Ken Sam for bringing these mistakes to our attention. » —Editor morettes. won this award for the ladies teams and. the Port Hardy Totems for the men. Audi Christenson, of the Nim- pkish Islanders, won. the out- standing goalie award, and the most outstanding all .around athlete award--went to George Pettie of Alert Bay. Although the All-Star team. list was not complete at the time of this writing, a-partial list has: Bobby Duncan} Cape Mudge, in goal; Ken Hanuse, Port Hardy,. at. left full- back; Eddie MacDougall of. the Nimpkish Islanders, at right full-. back: and Ernest’ Alfred of the Victoria ‘T-Birds, at right, inside. T-BIRDS IN ALL-STARS The T-Birds dominated the rest of the line-up with Ernest Alfred at right inside, Lyle Henry at right wing, and Harry Dawson at left wing. ' Another event and a colourful highlight of the three days was the fishing boat sail-past and show. The boats were decorated like floats in a parade, complete with dancers and pretty girls. The best-decorated award went to the boat, Gospack, while the Skalu won the honour for the most colourful dancers. The overall winner, however, was the Camenita. The best individual costume award was won by Mrs. Hawkins. Other events throughout the celebrations included an old- timers soccer match, a salmon- bake, and dancing by the Kwak- wala Arts and Craft Club. VANCOUVER. (Staff) — This year’s B.C. Indian Princess Pageant will be held in Vancouver from July 11 to 13. Open to single girls between the ages of 18 and 24 as of July 1, and of Indian descent, the contest will select B-C.’s entry for the National . Indian Princess Pageant. : Entrants may be sponsored by any club, band council or any ‘in- dividual, and entry forms are available at all Indian centres throughout B.C., or from Band chiefs. Entry forms may- also be obtained by writing to Mrs. Vi Rivers, 228 Mathias Road, North Vancouver, B.C. Contestants and their sponsors will be responsible for paying travelling expenses to Vancouver. Evelyn Joseph, Lavina Light- bown, and Karen Salle, the 1972 Indian: Princess, will act as hostesses for the girls while they are in Vancouver. : -JULY 11 DEADLINE Girls interested in trying for the title must, be at the Vancouver Hotel by 12 noon on July 11 to meet the hostessess and should have their applications in during the first week in July. A panel of judges will decide the winner on a basis of poise, beauty, character, general educational level, involvement with’ native people, hobbies and sports. Contestants will be expected to appear in authentic native dress with moderate make-up and no modern jewellery will be allowed. Vi Rivers, chairwoman of. the’ pageant, explained that this is necessary so that the B.C. Indian princess can compete in the national pageant. . If you would like to'enter, but feel a little shy, put.your fears aside. All contestants can take part: in free. modelling “and~ self- improvement workshops to -be given bya. teacher from: the Clanche MacDonald School of- Modelling. PRELIMINARY CONTEST Selection of the Indian princess will be a two-part process. There will be a preliminary contest in which girls from various areas such as the North Coast or Van- couver Island will compete for the title in their area. Then the winners from these contests will compete for the provincial title. At 8:00 p.m. on July 12 at the Vancouver planetarium, con- testants will take part in.a talent and fashion show. Girls entering ‘the pageant will be questioned about their native history and culture and knowledge of their native tongue will be considered an asset. If they choose, girls may give a three minute speech on a subject of goons pas ~~ Dates set for B.C Indian Princess Pageant Go their choice instead of giving a talent display. At a banquet and dance at the Vancouver Hotel on Friday, July 13, the lucky girl to hold the 1973 title will be chosen and crowned by last year’s princess, Karen Salle of Kamloops. Pageant organizers are hoping to . get Chief Dan George as one of the guest speakers at the banquet. The 1973 B.C. Indian Princess will travel to Hobbema, Alberta to take part in the national com- petition .on August 11 and 12. For more information; contact Mrs. Vi Rivers, 228 Mathias Road, North Vancouver, B.C. Telephone: 987-1074. . 7th annual Indian youth ‘workshop | PRINCE GEORGE — The 7th annual Indian Youth Workshop will be held at Fort Babine on July 2 to August 27, 1973, according to the sponsor, the Doh. Day-de-claa Indian Friendship Centre: here. Major Indian. organizations across Canada will. select 24 participants of native ancestry, ages from 19 to 22, with equal male and female representations as well as tribal groups. The 24 will camp in.a rural setting for seven weeks to study and live with the help of two main lecturers.and four other resources persons. The four resource persons. will give lectures on different - tribal customs: Indian art, carving, religion, dancing, costumes, social science, and history. The workshop includes a week of evaluation, and a week at Morley, Alberta, for an Ecumenical Conference. - . The sponsor is in close working liaison with the Nishnawbe In- stitute which pioneered seven cross-cultural workshops. The workshop demands flexible resource and resource persons, but the method has proven very suc- cessful in the 1972 Canadian Indian Youth Workshop as well as as the Nishnawbe Institute workshops. It is hoped that the workshop will strengthen the the participants’ sense of identity of Indian life style in urban society, and give them a meaningful educational ex- perience that will lead to the pursuit of higher education. Also, among other aims, the workshop is intended to give a chance for participants of different tribes to work together toward an ‘understanding of their national Indian community. Anyone who would like to join the workshop, or who would, suggest someone who wants to, my fill the form below and send it té’the Doh Day-de-claa Indian Friendship Centre, 1990 Renwick Crescent, Prince George, B.C., or phone 563- 8145, area code 604. : No. 1 Indian killer - SEATTLE ~— When Governor Dan Evans of Washington declared the week of June 10-16 as “John: Wayne Week,” he didn’t exactly please everybody. : An Indian group, called the Advocacy-Survival of American Indians, said of, the Governor’s action, ‘With overt racism toward the native AMerican, Wayne is the Nation’s No. 1 Indian killer. Evans joins Wayne by honoring him.” A spokesman for the group said that Wayne’s western movies “have created the image of the good, noble white settler who wanted to build a cabin and live at CONTESTANTS TRY manfully to climb up greased pole to claimi prize’ peace, and of the heathen Indian money on top of pole at the Nimpkish Indian Celebration days. [G. McKevitt photo, who raped women, scalped men and murdered children.” GUS KAHCLAMAT (far right] and his dancers from the Yakima Band. opening ceremonies. Both the dancing and the speeches made the- who came up from Seattle, Washington for the Tsartlip longhouse evening a great success. TSARTLIP_BAND Longhouse opening kicks off weekend fun By G. McKEVITT “We, as Indians of Saanich are deeply concerned about our identity as Indian people and we feel in the building of this tremendous longhouse that we can revive all of. those ways which are meaningful to the Indian way of life,’ such was part of a message from Tsartlip Band Water Festival Committee to begin the official opening of their new longhouse on the evening of June 22. The building, which was first - begun two years ago, is as close to the design of the old longhouses as possible. It is 60 feet by 160 feet and stands 32 feet. high at the centre and was built almost extirely from trees logged off the reserve. The large kitchen area built on to one end is the only part not traditional struction. Funded by First. Citizens’ and L.LP., the young crew, many of whom had hardly touched a- _hammer before, gained valuable’ experience from the. project. in fact, they and foreman, Henry - Smith, the man most responsible for the construction, were busy almost right up to the opening ceremony putting the final touches on the longhouse. The paint was hardly try on Alec Sam’s art work that enhances the kitchen and front of the building when the first of the erowd of over a thousand people started to file through the doors to _ attend the ceremonies. DANCING WAS HIGHLIGHT There were speeches and there were presentations but the dan- cing, highlighteed by the Masked Dance, was the real substance of Indian Chiefs: “‘ in design and con-- the celebration. The Masked Dance led off the evening and was a tribute partly to the longhouse, but primarily to band member, Philip Paul, who stood throughout the dance at the centre of the floor as the focal int.. - In the introduction to the dance the Committee Chairman, Samuel Sam, said the band wished to honour Paul for his contributions in the. past to the Indian Community | and to bless him in his new im- portant work with the Union of B.C. ...he has a hard road ahead of him — it may take a long time but I am sure he will succeed.” Foreman Henry Smith was introduced next who then thanked his own people in their language. for their co-operation and help in, constructing the longhouse. DREAM COME TRUE He then went on in English to tell of how as a young man he had a vision of constructing such a building as this one and to see it finished was like a dream come true. Also introduced and thanked were the many people involved directly and indirectly with the longhouse and the two. day Water Festival beginning the next day. Also spotlighted for congrat- ulations were the workers them- selves. Included ‘in. the were the Mayor of Central Saanich, A.M. Galbraith, First Citizens’ Fund representatives, George Wilson, Rod McInnes, and Minister without Portfolio, Frank Calder. In a short speech, Mr. Calder Cariboo woman named to B.C. Alcohol and Drug Commission WILLIAMS LAKE — Mrs. Irene Dorothy Peters of the Indian Friendship Centre here has ‘been named to the seven-member B.C. Alcohol and Drug Commission. The commission will co-ordinate’ the activities of some five departments of the provincial government involved in- programs: dealing with problems of alcohol. and drug abuse. Mrs. Peters is a Shuswap Indian, and was born in the Soda Creek Reserve. - She: has. been working with the friendship centre for three and a half years. now which- involves counselling connected with court appearances; interpretation. of federal, provincial, and local laws and regulations. Mrs. Peters has lived ‘in the been Cariboo district all her life, and has active in Indian organizations. in the area for the past 15 years. She acquired her education from the St. Joseph’s. Mission. school. Government policy at the time: (1937-1945) prevented her from — further education over Grade VIII standing. Mrs. Peters .and her husband ° have.a ranch on the Sugar Cane - Reserve.. They have four foster children and two adopted children. The chairman: and vice- chairman of. the commission are Jay Peter Stein and Dr; John Dick, respectively. . Other commissioners, besides Mrs. Peters, are Edward Mulligan, Gwenlyn Ann Creech, Ian Waddell, and Charles Barber. iriévodiuctions said‘ that standing there in the longhouse made him feel homesick as it reminded him of the smokehouse, as his people called it, which he had lived in for a time when he was young. He also said that the longhouse was symbolic of the revival of the Indian Culture in B.C. and that the government: ‘ works right now for the teaching of Indian languages in schools throughout B.C.” PRINCESS CONTEST Also included’ in the ceremonies was the introduction of the can- didates for “Indian Princess and Junior Princess. The introductions actually launched the contest as each girl gave a short speech as part of it. The rest of the evening was taken up with dancing, starting off with the young dancers of Henry Smith who did, among others, the Welcome Dance in honour of the guests attending the ceremonies. Other dancers. throughout the evening included Gus Kahclamat’s group from the Yakima Band in Seattle; the dancers of Joe Washington of the Lummi Band in Washington and local dancer, Chief Hummingbird’s (Leonard Paul) young group. The evening in. general was a. great success and only. reinforced.’ another statement made earlier by the Water Festival Committee: “Many of our fellow Indian friends - know the longhouse is the basis of the Indian philosophy of religion which is still very strong: in the Saanich Peninsula.” GOOD START The Longhouse Opening Ceremony gave a good start for the Annual Tsartlip Water Festival which occupied the two following days. Although the weather was spotty, a good turnout was evident to partake of the barbecued salmon. and, most of all, to watch the canoe racing. The Cowichan and Malahat Bands were the big winners this.” year, combining to win all the- ‘events. Cowichan was victorious in the u man war canoe event, the men’s. six paddle event, “the Klootchman event, the mixed doubles, and the men’ s single and double events. ~ . Arvid Charlie captained the Cowichan crew and also combined with his brother Wayne to take the doubles.: Lyn Thomas ‘and Roger -George made up the successful , mixed double team. The Malahat Band ladies ' took the two remaining: events with — Cecilia Harry winning the women’s singles and then_combining as a . .. had plans in the , [G. McKevitt photo] mother and daughter team with Phyllis Harry to take the ladies doubles. The evenings of the celebration were taken up with dancing in the. new longhouse as well as the bone game. Another event was. the final choice of the Indian Princesses with Belinda Claxton of East Saanich winning the senior contest and Robin Cooper of Tsartlip winning | the Junior. | from churches — VANCOUVER (Staff)— A report of two men being charged and convicted of stealing from. Indian churches has prompted the Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs to write. letters to all Bands, church authorities, and the R.C.M.P: asking that people keep a close watch during the summer months when there are many tourists travelling about. the country. According to Gary White, who-is doing a study on old mission churches, two men entered the Deadman Creek reserve on June 9 and stole the windows out of the church there. “Imagine, in broad daylight, they did this,” Mr. White. said, “and even attempted to steal the bell from the tower.”’ When a child mentioned to Mrs. Draney, wife-of the Band chief that “men were working on the chur- ch,” she investigated and phoned the RCMP. The two men were arrested at Bonaparte reserve, near Cache Creek where they were starting to remove things from the church there.. Mr. White added that thefts from Indian churches are not un- common but said that the offenders are seldom. caught or arrested. In.the letters to Band chiefs, the Union outlined the situation at Deadman Creek reserve and asked that Band members be.on their guard and notify the police im- mediately, if they know of or witness such thefts. Around this time last year, the ~ Union issued a warning about trespassers on Indian reserves when it was discovered that many people were digging up Indian middens and graveyards for in- ~ teresting artifacts... <r. swiss BCANSI. Research Director. appointed VANCOUVER. — Bill Wilson, B.C.’s second Indian lawyer, has ‘been appointed research director~ for the B.C. Association of Non- status Indians. Wilson, who is a Kwakgewlth Indian from Cape graduated from the UBC Faculty of Law this year. Mudge, The research program, under Wilson’s direction, will produce a complete history of ‘B.C. from an ‘Indian point of view and will take roughly five years to complete. Also to be included in the history is consideration of the question of. land claims and aboriginal rights. Kekuli, or pit house featured at park Shuswap Lake Park features a replica of a winter shelter used by the Shuswap tribe as late as 1908. - The replica of the kekuli, or pit house, was built by. a five-man team from the provincial museum in Victoria in September, 1972. For visitors’ convenience, a section of the roof of the replica is open. WOMA PERFORMS the Paddle Halide to the anjoymiesit of the audience at longhouse opening. The opening of the longhouse started off the band’s: annual water festival which took up the rest of the weekend, : IG. McKevitt photo]
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